A Martyr

By Charles Baudelaire

    Surrounded by flasks, and by spangled lames,     All matter of sumptuous goods,     Marble sculptures, fine paintings, and perfumed peignoirs     That trail in voluptuous folds,     In a room like a greenhouse, both stuffy and warm,     An atmosphere heavy with death,     Where arrangements of flowers encoffined in glass     Exhale their ultimate breath,     A headless cadaver spills out like a stream     On a pillow adorning the bed,     A flow of red blood, which the linen drinks up     With a thirsty meadow's greed.     Like pale apprehensions born in the dark,     And that enchain the eyes,     The head - the pile of its ebony mane     With precious jewels entwined     On the night table, like a ranunculus     Reposes; and a gaze,     Mindless and vague and as black as the dusk     Escapes from the pallid face.     On the bed the nude torso displays without shame     And most lasciviously,     The secret magnificence, fatal allure,     Of its nature's artistry;     On the leg, a pink stocking adorned with gold clocks     Remains like a souvenir;     The garter, a diamond-blazing eye,     Hurls a glance that is cold and severe.     The singular aspect of this solitude,     Like the portrait hung above     With eyes as enticing as languorous pose,     Reveals an unspeakable love,     Perverse entertainments and culpable joys     Full of devilish intimacies,     Which would make the dark angels swarm with delight     In the folds of the draperies;     And yet, to notice the elegant lines     Of the shoulder lean and lithe,     The haunch a bit pointed, the turn of the waist,     Like a snake aroused to strike,     She is still in her youth! Did her sickness of soul     And her senses gnawed by ennui     Open to her that depraved pack of lusts     And encourage them willingly?     That intractable man whom alive you could not,     Despite so much love, satisfy,     Did he there, on your still and amenable corpse,     His appetite gratify?     Tell me, cadaver! and by your stiff hair     Raising with feverous hand,     Terrible head, did he paste on your teeth     His kisses again and again?     Far away from the world, from the taunts of the mob,     Far from the prying police,     Strange creature, within your mysterious tomb     I bid you to sleep in peace.     Your bridegroom may roam, but the image of you     Stands by him wherever he rests;     As much as you, doubtless, the man will be true,     And faithful even till death.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem explores the themes of death, eroticism, and the grotesque, weaving them into a rich tapestry of morbid beauty. The poet utilizes explicit imagery to convey a sense of opulence and decadence, juxtaposing this with the stark reality of a decaying body. The tangible nature of the physical world, represented by "sumptuous goods", "marble sculptures", and "fine paintings", is contrasted with the intangible, eerie presence of death and decaying beauty.

The tone of the poem is both macabre and sensuous, with a strong sense of voyeurism. The poet uses a variety of sensory language to bring the reader into the room, making them a silent observer of the grotesque yet compelling scene. The use of similes, such as "like a snake aroused to strike" and "like a ranunculus reposes", heightens the sense of unease and discomfort, while also adding to the poem's lush descriptive detail. The structure of the poem, with its consistent rhythm and rhyme scheme, lends a sense of inevitability and relentless progression to the scene, mirroring the inescapable nature of death.

The poem also touches on themes of gender, power, and sexuality, particularly in its depiction of the female cadaver. The voice of the poem both objectifies and sympathizes with her, exploring the disturbing fetishism of her lover while simultaneously lamenting her fate. This tension adds depth to the poem, making it a layered exploration of desire, mortality, and the dark side of human nature.

Understanding Elegy

An elegy is a form of poetry that expresses sorrow or lamentation, often for someone who has died. This type of poetry serves as a tribute to the deceased, reflecting on their life and the grief left behind.


Elegies are deeply emotional and personal, exploring themes of loss, mourning, and remembrance. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Mournful Tone: Elegies are characterized by a tone of sadness and reflection, as the poet grapples with the pain of loss.
  • Tribute to the Deceased: The subject of an elegy is often someone who has passed away, with the poem serving as a memorial that honors their life and legacy.
  • Personal Reflection: Elegies often include personal reflections on the impact of the deceased on the poet's life, as well as broader musings on mortality and the human condition.
  • Structure and Form: While elegies can vary in form, they often follow a traditional structure that includes an expression of grief, praise for the deceased, and a sense of consolation or acceptance.

From ancient times to the present, elegies have provided a way for poets to navigate the complexities of grief and loss, offering solace and a means of preserving the memory of those who have passed.