Divided Destinies

By Rudyard Kipling

It was an artless Bandar, and he danced upon a pine, And much I wondered how he lived, and where the beast might dine, And many many other things, till, o'er my morning smoke, I slept the sleep of idleness and dreamt that Bandar spoke. He said: "O man of many clothes! Sad crawler on the Hills! Observe, I know not Ranken's shop, nor Ranken's monthly bills! I take no heed to trousers or the coats that you call dress; Nor am I plagued with little cards for little drinks at Mess. "I steal the bunnia's grain at morn, at noon and eventide, (For he is fat and I am spare), I roam the mountain side, I follow no man's carriage, and no, never in my life Have I flirted at Peliti's with another Bandar's wife. "O man of futile fopperies, unnecessary wraps; I own no ponies in the hills, I drive no tall-wheeled traps. I buy me not twelve-button gloves, 'short-sixes' eke, or rings, Nor do I waste at Hamilton's my wealth on 'pretty things.' "I quarrel with my wife at home, we never fight abroad; But Mrs. B. has grasped the fact I am her only lord. I never heard of fever, dumps nor debts depress my soul; And I pity and despise you!" Here he pouched my breakfast-roll. His hide was very mangy and his face was very red, And ever and anon he scratched with energy his head. His manners were not always nice, but how my spirit cried To be an artless Bandar loose upon the mountain side! So I answered:, "Gentle Bandar, and inscrutable Decree Makes thee a gleesome fleasome Thou, and me a wretched Me. Go! Depart in peace, my brother, to thy home amid the pine; Yet forget not once a mortal wished to change his lot for thine."

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem is a satirical critique of human society from the perspective of a Bandar, or monkey, living freely in nature. The poet uses the Bandar as a device to contrast the simplicity and authenticity of an animal’s life with the artificiality and complexity of human existence. The Bandar, despite having a mangy hide and crude manners, is portrayed as being happier and freer than the human who lives burdened by societal norms and expectations.

The tone of the poem is lighthearted yet incisive, revealing a deep disquiet with the human way of life. The monkey’s dialogue, filled with disdain for human concerns such as clothing, marital fidelity, material possessions, and social standing, is a stark commentary on the superficiality of human life. This critique is further emphasized by the human speaker's desire to trade places with the Bandar, highlighting the allure of a simpler, unencumbered existence.

The poem’s structure contributes to its overall message. The rhymed quatrains lend a rhythmic, almost whimsical quality that complements the unusual perspective of the poem. Meanwhile, the use of dialogue and anthropomorphizing the Bandar makes the poem more engaging and accessible, allowing the reader to easily grasp its themes. The poet effectively employs irony, satire, and contrast to craft a compelling critique of human society, while also evoking a sense of longing for a simpler, more natural state of being.

Understanding Satirical Poetry

Satirical poems use wit, irony, exaggeration, and ridicule to expose folly—personal, social, or political. The aim isn’t just laughter: it’s critique that nudges readers toward insight or change.


Common characteristics of satirical poetry:

  • Targeted Critique: Focuses on specific behaviors, institutions, or ideas—often timely, sometimes timeless.
  • Tools of Irony: Uses sarcasm, parody, understatement, and hyperbole to sharpen the point.
  • Voice & Persona: Speakers may be unreliable or exaggerated to reveal contradictions and hypocrisy.
  • Form Flexibility: Appears in couplets, tercets, quatrains, blank verse, or free verse—music serves the mockery.
  • Moral Pressure: Beneath the humor lies ethical pressure—satire seeks reform, not merely amusement.
  • Public & Personal: Can lampoon public figures and trends or needle private vanities and everyday pretenses.

The best satire balances bite with craft: memorable lines that entertain while revealing the gap between how things are and how they ought to be.