When I Love You

By Nizar Qabbani

When I love you A new language springs up, New cities, new countries discovered. The hours breathe like puppies, Wheat grows between the pages of books, Birds fly from your eyes with tiding of honey, Caravans ride from your breasts carrying Indian herbs, The mangoes fall all around, the forests catch fire And Nubian drums beat. When I love you your breasts shake off their shame, Turn into lightning and thunder, a sword, a sandy storm. When I love you the Arab cities leap up and demonstrate Against the ages of repression And the ages Of revenge against the laws of the tribe. And I, when I love you, March against ugliness, Against the kings of salt, Against the institutionalization of the desert. And I shall continue to love you until the world flood arrives; I shall continue to love you until the world flood arrives.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem exudes a profound and passionate love, one that is transformative in both personal and societal dimensions. The poet uses vivid and original metaphors to express the depth of this affection, referencing a "new language" that "springs up" and "new cities, new countries discovered," suggesting that love acts as a catalyst for creation and exploration. Metaphors like "hours breathe like puppies" and "wheat grows between the pages of books" are striking in their uniqueness, infusing the poem with a surreal and dream-like quality.

The poet also incorporates elements of political and cultural commentary, particularly in relation to Arab culture. When the speaker loves, it sparks a rebellion "against the ages of repression" and "against the institutionalization of the desert," implying that love can act as a force of resistance and change. This is further underscored by powerful imagery such as "your breasts shake off their shame, turn into lightning and thunder, a sword, a sandy storm" – this seems to suggest a freeing, empowering effect of love that challenges societal norms and constraints. The poem's structure, with its free verse and lack of strict rhyme or rhythm, complements this theme of breaking free from traditional limitations. The repeated phrase "When I love you" at the beginning of most stanzas acts as an anchor, providing a rhythmic and thematic continuity. Overall, this poem is a celebration of love as a powerful, transformative, and defiantly beautiful force.

Understanding Free Verse

Free verse is poetry that avoids fixed meter and end-rhyme schemes. Its rhythm grows from natural speech, image patterns, and line breaks rather than strict form.


While unconstrained by traditional structures, strong free verse still relies on deliberate craft. Hallmarks include:

  • No fixed meter or rhyme: Lines aren’t bound to iambs or end-rhyme; sound comes from repetition, consonance, and cadence.
  • Line breaks with purpose: Breaks create emphasis, pace, surprise, and double-meanings; enjambment is common.
  • Speech-like rhythm: The poem’s music arises from phrasing, sentence length, and breath—more spoken than sung.
  • Image and pattern: Recurring images, motifs, or syntactic patterns provide structure in place of meter.
  • Flexible stanzas & punctuation: Stanza length varies; punctuation may be traditional, sparse, or omitted to guide flow.

Free verse invites clarity and precision: with fewer formal constraints, every line break, image, and silence carries weight.