The Convention

By Ella Wheeler Wilcox

    From the Queen Bee mother, the mother Beast, and the mother Fowl in the fen,     A call went up to the human world, to Woman, the mother of men.     The call said, 'Come:    for we, the dumb, are given speech for a day,     And the things we have thought for a thousand years we are going at last to say.'     Much they marvelled, these women of earth, at the strange and curious call,     And some of them laughed, and some of them sneered, but they answered it one and all,     For they wanted to hear what never before was heard since the world began -     The spoken word of Beast and Bird, and the message it held for Man.     'A plea for shelter,' the woman said, 'or food in the wintry weathers,     Or a foolish request that we be dressed without their furs or feathers.     We will do what we can for the poor dumb things, but they must be sensible.'    Then     The meeting was called and a she-bear stood and voiced the thought of the fen.     'Now this is the message we give to you' (it was thus the she-bear spake):     'You the creatures of homes and shrines, and we of the wold and brake,     We have no churches, we have no schools, and our minds you question and doubt,     But we follow the laws which some Great Cause, alike for us all, laid out.     'We eat and we drink to live; we shun the things that poison and kill,     And we settle the problems of sex and birth by the law of the female will,     For never was one of us known by a male, or made to mother its kind,     Unless there went from our minds consent (or from what we call the mind).     'But you, the highest of all she-things, you gorge yourselves at your feasts,     And you smoke and drink in a way we think would lower the standard of beasts;     For a ring, a roof and a rag, you are bought by your males, to have and to hold,     And you mate and you breed without nature's need, while your hearts and your bodies are cold.     'All unwanted your offspring come, or you slay them before they are born;     And now the wild she-things of the earth have spoken and told their scorn.     We have no mind and we have no souls, maybe as you think -And still,     Never one of us ate or drank the things that poison and kill,     And never was one of us known by a male except by our wish and will.'

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem is a powerful critique of human society from the perspective of nature, specifically the animal kingdom, which is anthropomorphized to express its dissatisfaction and contempt for human behavior. The primary themes include environmentalism, gender dynamics, and the juxtaposition of human and animal societies. The tone is sharp and reproachful, highlighting the hypocrisy and disconnect of humans from the natural world.

The structure of the poem, with its regular rhythm and rhyme scheme, provides a steady, almost relentless delivery of the critique, giving the poem an urgent and compelling quality. The usage of the animal kingdom as a mouthpiece is a striking literary device, cleverly subverting the dichotomy between 'civilized' humans and 'wild' animals. Within this construct, the animals' voice is employed to critique human indulgence ('you gorge yourselves at your feasts'), disregard for nature ('you slay them before they are born'), and the commodification of women within societal structures ('For a ring, a roof and a rag, you are bought by your males').

The poem also challenges traditional notions of gender roles and consent within relationships, using animals' mating behaviors as a contrasting example to human practices ('we settle the problems of sex and birth by the law of the female will'). Through this, it underscores the idea that humans, despite their claim to superiority, have much to learn from the natural world. In its entirety, the poem is a fervent call for introspection and a plea for humanity to return to its roots in nature and reconsider its current trajectory.

Exploring Narrative Poetry

Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well. Unlike lyric poetry, which focuses on emotions and thoughts, narrative poetry is dedicated to storytelling, weaving tales that captivate readers through plot and character development.


Narrative poems are unique in their ability to combine the depth of storytelling with the expressive qualities of poetry. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Structured Plot: Narrative poems typically have a clear beginning, middle, and end, following a plot that might involve conflict, climax, and resolution, much like a short story or novel.
  • Character Development: Characters in narrative poems are often well-developed, with distinct voices and personalities that drive the story forward.
  • Descriptive Language: The language used in narrative poetry is vivid and descriptive, painting a clear picture of the scenes and events, while also conveying the emotions and atmosphere of the story.

From ancient epics like "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" to more modern narrative poems, this form continues to engage readers by blending the art of storytelling with the beauty and rhythm of poetry.