The Birth Of Jealousy

By Ella Wheeler Wilcox

    With brooding mien and sultry eyes,     Outside the gates of Paradise     Eve sat, and fed the faggot flame     That lit the path whence Adam came.     (Strange are the workings of a woman's mind.)     His giant shade preceded him,     Along the pathway green, and dim;     She heard his swift approaching tread,     But still she sat with drooping head.     (Dark are the jungles of unhappy thought.)     He kissed her mouth, and gazed within     Her troubled eyes; for since their sin,     His love had grown a thousand fold.     But Eve drew back; her face was cold.     (Oh, who can read the cipher of a soul.)     'Now art thou mourning still, sweet wife?'     Spake Adam tenderly, 'the life     Of our lost Eden?    Why, in THEE     All Paradise remains for me.'     (Deep, deep the currents in a strong man's heart.)     Thus Eve:    'Nay, not lost Eden's bliss     I mourn; for heavier woe than this     Wears on me with one thought accursed.     IN ADAM'S LIFE I AM NOT FIRST.     (O woman's mind! what hells are fashioned there.)     'The serpent whispered Lilith's name:     ('Twas thus he drove me to my shame)     Pluck yonder fruit, he said, and know,     How Adam loved HER, long ago.     (Fools, fools, who wander searching after pain.)     'I ate; and like an ancient scroll,     I saw that other life unroll;     I saw thee, Adam, far from here     With Lilith on a wondrous sphere.     (Bold, bold, the daring of a jealous heart.)     'Nay, tell me not I dreamed it all;     Last night in sleep thou didst let fall     Her name in tenderness; I bowed     My stricken head and cried aloud.     (Vast, vast the torment of a self-made woe.)     'And it was then, and not before,     That Eden shut and barred its door.     Alone in God's great world I seemed,     Whilst thou of thy lost Lilith dreamed.     (Oh, who can measure such wide loneliness.)     'Now every little breeze that sings,     Sighs Lilith, like thy whisperings.     Oh, where can sorrow hide its face,     When Lilith, Lilith, fills all space?'     (And Adam in the darkness spake no word.)

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem masterfully explores themes of jealousy, regret, and emotional suffering, set against the backdrop of the biblical story of Adam and Eve. Throughout the narrative, the speaker (Eve) grapples with feelings of inadequacy and betrayal, her anguish intensified by the perceived preference of Adam for another woman, Lilith. The poem's tone is intensely melancholic, punctuated by a profound sense of loneliness and longing.

The poet employs a regular structure, with each stanza concluding with a parenthetical reflection that underscores the primary emotions or revelations within that verse. These parenthetical asides act as a chorus, magnifying the dramatic tension and providing an abstract commentary on the narrative's progress. They also contribute to a rhythm that mimics the ebb and flow of Eve's internal struggle.

Imagery and metaphors are used effectively to convey emotional depth, with phrases such as "brooding mien and sultry eyes", "the faggot flame that lit the path", and "the cipher of a soul" painting vivid pictures of Eve's internal turmoil. The repeated reference to Lilith echoes like a haunting refrain, emphasizing Eve's fixation and emotional torment. The concluding line, "And Adam in the darkness spake no word," leaves a powerful impression of unresolved tension and enduring pain, underlining the theme of communication breakdown.

Exploring Narrative Poetry

Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well. Unlike lyric poetry, which focuses on emotions and thoughts, narrative poetry is dedicated to storytelling, weaving tales that captivate readers through plot and character development.


Narrative poems are unique in their ability to combine the depth of storytelling with the expressive qualities of poetry. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Structured Plot: Narrative poems typically have a clear beginning, middle, and end, following a plot that might involve conflict, climax, and resolution, much like a short story or novel.
  • Character Development: Characters in narrative poems are often well-developed, with distinct voices and personalities that drive the story forward.
  • Descriptive Language: The language used in narrative poetry is vivid and descriptive, painting a clear picture of the scenes and events, while also conveying the emotions and atmosphere of the story.

From ancient epics like "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" to more modern narrative poems, this form continues to engage readers by blending the art of storytelling with the beauty and rhythm of poetry.