His Last Letter

By Ella Wheeler Wilcox

    Well, you are free;     The longed for, lied for, waited for decree     Is yours to-day.     I made no protest; and you had your say,     And left me with no vestige of repute.     Neglect, abuse, and cruelty you charge     With broken marriage vows.    The list is large     But not to be denied.    So I was mute.     Now you shall listen to a few plain facts     Before you go out wholly from my life     As some man's wife.     Read carefully this statement of your acts     Which changed the lustre of my honeymoon     To sombre gloom,     And wrenched the cover from Pandora's box.     In those first talks     'Twixt bride and groom I showed you my whole heart,     Showed you how deep my love was and how true;     With all a strong man's feeling I loved YOU:     (God, how I loved you, my one chosen mate.)     But I learned this     (So poorly did you play your little part):     You married marriage, to avoid the fate     Of having 'Miss'     Carved on your tombstone.    Love you did not know,     But you were greedy for the showy things     That money brings.     Such weak affection as you could bestow     Was given the provider, not the lover.     The knowledge hurt.    Keen pain like that is dumb;     And masks itself in smiles, lest men discover.     But I was lonely; and the feeling grew     The more I studied you.     Into your shallow heart love could not come,     But yet you loved my love; because it gave     The prowess of a mistress o'er a slave.     You showed your power     In petty tyranny hour after hour,     Day after day, year after lengthening years.     My tasks, my pleasures, my pursuits were not     Held near or dear,     Or made to seem important in your thought.     My friends were not your friends; you goaded me     By foolish and ignoble jealousy,     Till, through suggestion's laws     I gave you cause.     The beauteous ideal Love had hung     In my soul's shrine,     And worshipped as a something all divine,     With wanton hand you flung     Into the dust.    And then you wondered why     My love should die.     My sins and derelictions cry aloud     To all the world:    my head is bowed     Under its merited reproaches.    Yours     Is lifted to receive     The sympathy the court's decree insures.     The world loves to believe     In man's depravity and woman's worth;     But I am one of many men on earth     Whose loud resounding fall     Is like the crashing of some well-built wall     Which those who seek can trace     To the slow work of insects at its base.     . . . . . . .     Be not afraid.     The alimony will be promptly paid

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
The poem presents a poignant narrative on love, marriage, and betrayal, exploring themes of unmet expectations, societal views on gender roles, and the consequences of superficial relationships. The speaker's tone is a complex mix of bitterness, resignation, and a lingering sense of love, which adds depth to the emotional canvas the poem presents.

The structure is straightforward, contributing to the raw, revealing nature of the narrative. It does not shy away from exposing the speaker's pain and disillusionment, which is further emphasized by the use of direct address to the speaker's estranged spouse. This form of address gives the poem a confessional quality, making the reader a silent witness to the couple's failed relationship.

One of the standout features of the poem is its use of vivid metaphors and imagery. The reference to Pandora's box underscores the unleashing of unforeseen problems and the destruction of the speaker's idealistic view of love. Similarly, the image of a well-built wall being eroded by insects is a powerful symbol of how small, persistent issues can lead to a relationship's downfall.

The ending lines reveal a bitter irony, showing that despite the emotional toll, societal norms and legal obligations still need to be fulfilled, suggesting the enduring power of societal expectations and obligations over personal feelings and experiences. Overall, the poem effectively explores the complexities of a failed marriage, offering a nuanced perspective on love, betrayal, and societal norms.

Exploring Narrative Poetry

Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well. Unlike lyric poetry, which focuses on emotions and thoughts, narrative poetry is dedicated to storytelling, weaving tales that captivate readers through plot and character development.


Narrative poems are unique in their ability to combine the depth of storytelling with the expressive qualities of poetry. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Structured Plot: Narrative poems typically have a clear beginning, middle, and end, following a plot that might involve conflict, climax, and resolution, much like a short story or novel.
  • Character Development: Characters in narrative poems are often well-developed, with distinct voices and personalities that drive the story forward.
  • Descriptive Language: The language used in narrative poetry is vivid and descriptive, painting a clear picture of the scenes and events, while also conveying the emotions and atmosphere of the story.

From ancient epics like "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" to more modern narrative poems, this form continues to engage readers by blending the art of storytelling with the beauty and rhythm of poetry.