Burdened

By Ella Wheeler Wilcox

    "Genius, a man's weapon, a woman's burden." - Lamartine.     Dear God! there is no sadder fate in life          Than to be burdened so that you can not          Sit down contented with the common lot     Of happy mother and devoted wife.     To feel your brain wild and your bosom rife          With all the sea's commotion; to be fraught          With fires and frenzies which you have not sought,     And weighed down with the wild world's weary strife;     To feel a fever always in your breast;          To lean and hear, half in affright, half shame,          A loud-voiced public boldly mouth your name;     To reap your hard-sown harvest in unrest,          And know, however great your meed of fame,     You are but a weak woman at the best.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem subtly explores the dichotomy of gender expectations, particularly the struggle of a woman in a male-dominated society. The opening quote introduces the disparity, setting up "genius" as a "weapon" for men, yet a "burden" for women. The ensuing poem expands on this idea, demonstrating the emotional turmoil of a woman who is unable to find contentment in the traditional roles of wife and mother, instead feeling consumed by intellectual and creative energies.

The tone is one of lamentation and frustration, with the speaker expressing an intense sense of being overwhelmed by societal expectations and her own internal tumult. The poem is structured in a sonnet form, encompassing the struggle within a tight, controlled structure, perhaps mirroring the societal constraints placed on the woman. The use of vivid sea imagery and metaphorical language ("brain wild," "bosom rife," "sea's commotion") creates an atmosphere of chaos and unrest, while the phrase "loud-voiced public boldly mouth your name," implies the woman's accomplishments are both recognized and criticized. The concluding lines reveal a resigned acknowledgment of the woman's perceived societal position, despite her achievements. This work powerfully underscores the conflict between societal norms and individual aspirations, particularly for women.

Understanding the Sonnet

The sonnet is one of the most enduring and celebrated forms of poetry, known for its strict structure and profound themes. With a history spanning centuries, sonnets have been used to explore love, beauty, politics, and mortality, all within the confines of just 14 lines.


Sonnets are characterized by their precise form and rhyme scheme, which vary depending on the type of sonnet. Here’s a closer look:

  • Shakespearean (English) Sonnet: Composed of three quatrains followed by a final couplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG. This form often builds a complex argument or narrative, culminating in a powerful closing statement.
  • Petrarchan (Italian) Sonnet: Divided into an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines), with a typical rhyme scheme of ABBAABBA for the octave, followed by various patterns in the sestet such as CDECDE or CDCDCD. The octave usually presents a problem, with the sestet providing a resolution.
  • Meter: Sonnets are traditionally written in iambic pentameter, which gives the poem a rhythmic and melodic quality that enhances its emotional impact.

The sonnet’s enduring appeal lies in its ability to condense complex emotions and ideas into a small but potent package, making it a favorite form for poets seeking to explore profound themes with precision and elegance.