A Holiday

By Ella Wheeler Wilcox

    Berlin, Germany, gave the school children a half holiday to celebrate the sinking of the Lusitania.     War declares a holiday;     Little children, run and play.     Ring-a-rosy round the earth     With the garland of your mirth.     Shrill a song brim full of glee     Of a great ship sunk at sea.     Tell with pleasure and with pride     How a hundred children died.     Sing of orphan babes, whose cries     Beat against unanswering skies;     Let a mother's mad despair     Lend staccato to your air.     Sing of babes who drowned alone;     Sing of headstones, marked 'Unknown';     Sing of homes made desolate     Where the stricken mourners wait.     Sing of battered corpses tossed     By the heedless waves, and lost.     Run, sweet children, sing and play;     War declares a holiday.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem is a chilling exploration of the paradoxes of war and innocence, told through the lens of children's play. Its tone is sharp and sardonic, using the carefree imagery of children's games and songs to underscore the brutality and violence of warfare. The theme of juxtaposition is prevalent throughout, contrasting the innocence of childhood with the harsh realities of war, creating a sense of chilling irony that permeates the poem.

The structure of the poem is rhythmic and melodic, reminiscent of a nursery rhyme. This choice serves to heighten the incongruity between the poem's form and its content. The recurring motifs of children's games and songs, presented alongside the grim images of death and destruction, form an unsettling contrast. The poet uses vivid, haunting imagery and stark, direct language to convey the senseless destruction of war, particularly its impact on the most vulnerable. Notably, the poet uses the device of repetition to underscore the poem's theme and to create a sense of inevitability and despair. The repeated phrase "War declares a holiday" serves as a grim reminder of the perverse joy that warfare can bring to those who are detached from its realities. This poem is a powerful statement on the horrors of war and its devastating impact on innocence and childhood.

Understanding Satirical Poetry

Satirical poems use wit, irony, exaggeration, and ridicule to expose folly—personal, social, or political. The aim isn’t just laughter: it’s critique that nudges readers toward insight or change.


Common characteristics of satirical poetry:

  • Targeted Critique: Focuses on specific behaviors, institutions, or ideas—often timely, sometimes timeless.
  • Tools of Irony: Uses sarcasm, parody, understatement, and hyperbole to sharpen the point.
  • Voice & Persona: Speakers may be unreliable or exaggerated to reveal contradictions and hypocrisy.
  • Form Flexibility: Appears in couplets, tercets, quatrains, blank verse, or free verse—music serves the mockery.
  • Moral Pressure: Beneath the humor lies ethical pressure—satire seeks reform, not merely amusement.
  • Public & Personal: Can lampoon public figures and trends or needle private vanities and everyday pretenses.

The best satire balances bite with craft: memorable lines that entertain while revealing the gap between how things are and how they ought to be.