A Ballade Of The Unborn Dead

By Ella Wheeler Wilcox

    They walked the valley of the dead;          Lit by a weird half light;     No sound they made, no word they said;          And they were pale with fright.     Then suddenly from unseen places came     Loud laughter, that was like a whip of flame.     They looked, and saw, beyond, above,          A land where wronged souls wait;     (Those spirits called to earth by love,          And driven back by hate).     And each one stood in anguish dumb and wild,     As she beheld the phantom of her child.     Yea, saw the soul her wish had hurled          Out into night and death;     Before it reached the Mother world,          Or drew its natal breath.     And terrified, each hid her face and fled     Beyond the presence of her unborn dead.     And God's Great Angel, who provides          Souls for our mortal land,     Laughed, with the laughter that derides,          At that fast fleeing band     Of self-made barren women of the earth.     (Hell has no curse that withers like such mirth.)     'O Angel, tell us who were they,          That down below us fared;     Those shapes with faces strained and grey,          And eyes that stared and stared;     Something there was about them, gave us fear;     Yet are we lonely, now they are not here.'     Thus spake the spectral children; thus          The Angel made reply:     'They have no part or share with us;          They were but passers-by.'     'But may we pray for them?' the phantoms plead.     'Yea, for they need your prayers,' the Angel said.     They went upon their lonely way;          (Far, far from Paradise);     Their path was lit with one wan ray          From ghostly children's eyes;     The little children who were never born;     And as they passed, the Angel laughed in scorn.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
The poem is a chilling exploration of guilt, regret, and the concept of the afterlife. It operates on the central theme of lost potential and the haunting consequences of actions taken in life, particularly concerning the unborn. The overall tone of the poem is somber and eerie, filled with a sense of unease and sorrow, heightened by the spectral setting and the grim laughter of the angel, which is described as "like a whip of flame."

The poem's structure is methodical and contributes to the building tension, with glimpses of the tormented souls and their spectral children being revealed gradually. It employs a traditional rhyming scheme, which underscores the narrative progression and balances the unorthodox theme. The poet's use of descriptive language and imagery, such as the "weird half light," and the "phantom of her child," powerfully evoke a sense of otherworldliness and the profound emotional pain of the characters. Moreover, the repeated references to the characters' fear and paleness amplify the sense of horror and despair.

The poem also stands out for its use of the dramatic monologue, which provides insight into the emotional states of different characters - the tormented souls, the spectral children, and the mocking angel. The dialogue not only propels the narrative but also reveals the inner thoughts and feelings of these characters, adding depth to the overall narrative. While the poem might be disturbing for some, it's a thought-provoking exploration of the implications of our actions, the concept of sin and punishment, and the possibility of redemption in the afterlife.

Exploring Narrative Poetry

Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well. Unlike lyric poetry, which focuses on emotions and thoughts, narrative poetry is dedicated to storytelling, weaving tales that captivate readers through plot and character development.


Narrative poems are unique in their ability to combine the depth of storytelling with the expressive qualities of poetry. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Structured Plot: Narrative poems typically have a clear beginning, middle, and end, following a plot that might involve conflict, climax, and resolution, much like a short story or novel.
  • Character Development: Characters in narrative poems are often well-developed, with distinct voices and personalities that drive the story forward.
  • Descriptive Language: The language used in narrative poetry is vivid and descriptive, painting a clear picture of the scenes and events, while also conveying the emotions and atmosphere of the story.

From ancient epics like "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" to more modern narrative poems, this form continues to engage readers by blending the art of storytelling with the beauty and rhythm of poetry.