Author: Algernon Charles Swinburne

---

    The bitterness of death and bitterer scorn
    Breathes from the broad-leafed aloe-plant whence thou
    Wast fain to gather for thy bended brow
    A chaplet by no gentler forehead worn.
    Grief deep as hell, wrath hardly to be borne,
    Ploughed up thy soul till round the furrowing plough
    The strange black soil foamed, as a black beaked prow
    Bids night-black waves foam where its track has torn.
    Too faint the phrase for thee that only saith
    Scorn bitterer than the bitterness of death
    Pervades the sullen splendour of thy soul,
    Where hate and pain make war on force and fraud
    And all the strengths of tyrants; whence unflawed
    It keeps this noble heart of hatred whole.

---

Type of Poem: Sonnet

Date Written:

Date Published:

Language: English

Keywords: Public Domain

Source: Public Domain Collection

Publisher:

Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Comments/Notes: This poem presents a dark and intense exploration of the human condition, focusing on themes of bitterness, scorn, grief, wrath, and resilience. The tone is somber and at times confrontational, resonating with deep emotional honesty that is both compelling and challenging.

The poet uses vivid metaphorical language and imagery to convey the inner turmoil of the subject. The aloe plant, often associated with healing, is here described as a source of bitterness and scorn, symbolizing the harsh realities of life. The imagery of a plough tearing through the soil reflects the destructive force of grief and wrath on the human soul, while the turbulent sea metaphor suggests the resulting chaos and confusion.

The structure of the poem, which appears to be a sonnet, gives this emotional turmoil a contained form, providing a stark contrast that highlights the intensity of the feelings. The use of repetition, such as "bitterness of death and bitterer scorn," amplifies the emotional weight of the poem and underscores the persistence of these feelings.

In the end, the poem seems to suggest a sense of resistance and resilience, despite the overwhelming negativities. The "noble heart of hatred" that remains "unflawed" is an intriguing paradox, hinting at the strength and integrity that can exist even in the face of intense pain and adversity. Ultimately, this poem is a powerful exploration of the darker aspects of the human experience and the enduring spirit that persists despite them.