On The Death Of Richard Doyle

By Algernon Charles Swinburne

    A light of blameless laughter, fancy-bred,     Soft-souled and glad and kind as love or sleep,     Fades, and sweet mirths own eyes are fain to weep     Because her blithe and gentlest bird is dead.     Weep, elves and fairies all, that never shed     Tear yet for mortal mourning: you that keep     The doors of dreams whence nought of ill may creep,     Mourn once for one whose lips your honey fed.     Let waters of the Golden River steep     The rose-roots whence his grave blooms rosy-red     And murmuring of Hyblan hives be deep     About the summer silence of its bed,     And nought less gracious than a violet peep     Between the grass grown greener round his head.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem possesses a tender, mournful tone, using vivid and imaginative imagery to explore themes of loss, grief, and the transcendent power of nature. The speaker uses the metaphor of a "blithe and gentlest bird" to personify a spirit that was full of joy, kindness, and laughter, now extinguished. These traits are often associated with innocence and purity, enhancing the sense of tragedy surrounding the loss. This death prompts even the immortal, fantastical creatures like elves and fairies, who are typically untouched by human sorrows, to shed tears, underlining the universal and profound nature of the loss.

The structure of the poem is neatly organized into two quatrains and two tercets, allowing for a natural progression of ideas and emotions. The first half sets the stage with the death of the joyful spirit, while the second half focuses on the post-mortem honors and nature's tribute to the departed. Rich and allusive references to "Golden River" and "Hyblan hives" create an atmosphere of myth and magic, suggesting an otherworldly paradise existing beyond death. The poem concludes with a beautiful image of life continuing around the grave, epitomized by the violet and the greener grass, indicating the enduring vitality of nature despite individual mortality. This use of nature as a healing or comforting force in the face of death is a common trope in romantic and pastoral poetry, providing a sense of hope and resilience amidst sorrow.

Understanding the Sonnet

The sonnet is one of the most enduring and celebrated forms of poetry, known for its strict structure and profound themes. With a history spanning centuries, sonnets have been used to explore love, beauty, politics, and mortality, all within the confines of just 14 lines.


Sonnets are characterized by their precise form and rhyme scheme, which vary depending on the type of sonnet. Here’s a closer look:

  • Shakespearean (English) Sonnet: Composed of three quatrains followed by a final couplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG. This form often builds a complex argument or narrative, culminating in a powerful closing statement.
  • Petrarchan (Italian) Sonnet: Divided into an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines), with a typical rhyme scheme of ABBAABBA for the octave, followed by various patterns in the sestet such as CDECDE or CDCDCD. The octave usually presents a problem, with the sestet providing a resolution.
  • Meter: Sonnets are traditionally written in iambic pentameter, which gives the poem a rhythmic and melodic quality that enhances its emotional impact.

The sonnet’s enduring appeal lies in its ability to condense complex emotions and ideas into a small but potent package, making it a favorite form for poets seeking to explore profound themes with precision and elegance.