To Marguerite

By Matthew Arnold

    We were apart: yet, day by day,     I bade my heart more constant be;     I bade it keep the world away,     And grow a home for only thee:     Nor feard but thy love likewise grew,     Like mine, each day more tried, more true.     The fault was grave: I might have known,     What far too soon, alas, I learnd     The heart can bind itself alone,     And faith is often unreturnd.     Self-swayd our feelings ebb and swell:     Thou lovest no more: Farewell! Farewell!     Farewell! and thou, thou lonely heart,     Which never yet without remorse     Even for a moment didnt depart     From thy remote and spherd course     To haunt the place where passions reign,     Back to thy solitude again!     Back, with the conscious thrill of shame     Which Luna felt, that summer night,     Flash through her pure immortal frame,     When she forsook the starry height     To hang over Endymion sleep     Upon the pine-grown Latmian steep;     Yet she, chaste Queen, had never provd     How vain a thing is mortal love,     Wandering in Heaven, far removd.     But thou hast long had place to prove     This truth to prove, and make thine own     Thou hast been, shalt be, art, alone.     Or, if not quite alone, yet they     Which touch thee are unmating things     Ocean, and Clouds, and Night, and Day;     Lorn Autumns and triumphant Springs;     And life, and others joy and pain,     And love, if love, of happier men.     Of happier men for they, at least,     Have dreamd two human hearts might blend     In one, and were through faith releasd     From isolation without end     Prolongd, nor knew, although not less     Alone than thou, their loneliness.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poignant poem is a heartfelt exploration of unrequited love, loneliness, and the resilience of the human spirit. The speaker presents a tale of self-inflicted isolation and unrequited feelings, a journey from hopeful love to heartbreak and self-discovery.

The poem's structure is meticulously crafted, with a rhythmic scheme that underscores the emotive journey of the speaker. The recurring use of "Farewell!" serves as a turning point and a refrain, marking transitions from hope to despair, and from despair to acceptance.

Themes of love, isolation, and self-awareness permeate the poem. The speaker begins by expressing a blind faith in love, shielding themselves from the world to create a sanctuary for their beloved. The harsh reality of unreturned love surfaces in the second stanza, leading to a profound sense of self-realization. As the poem progresses, the speaker's heart is depicted as an independent entity, capable of both enduring pain and learning from it. The metaphor of the heart as a lonely wanderer, akin to the moon, further emphasizes the theme of solitude.

The poem skillfully employs a range of literary devices, including allusion, metaphor, and personification. The allusion to Luna, the Roman goddess of the moon, and Endymion, the shepherd she loved, adds depth to the poem’s exploration of unrequited love and the ensuing loneliness. The heart's personification underscores its power to love, suffer, and grow.

Tonal shifts mirror the speaker's emotional journey, moving from hopeful anticipation to disappointment, remorse, and finally acceptance. The poem concludes on a note of resigned loneliness, yet the speaker’s heart is not entirely alone, remaining connected to the world through the universal experiences of joy, pain, and love. The poem is thus a testament to resilience and the human capacity to endure and evolve through emotional trials.

Exploring Lyric Poetry

Lyric poetry is a powerful and intimate form of expression, characterized by its focus on the personal emotions and thoughts of the poet. Often musical in nature, lyric poems resonate with readers through their vivid language and rhythmic flow, capturing moments of intense feeling.


Here are some key characteristics that define lyric poetry:

  • Expressive Language: Lyric poems use rich and evocative language to convey deep emotions, often painting a vivid picture of the poet's inner world.
  • Personal Perspective: Typically written in the first person, these poems offer a window into the poet's personal experiences, thoughts, and reflections.
  • Musicality: Lyric poems often feature a rhythmic structure, with meter and rhyme that give them a song-like quality, enhancing the emotional impact.

From ancient odes to contemporary free verse, lyric poetry remains a beloved and enduring form, celebrated for its ability to articulate the nuances of human emotion in a way that resonates deeply with readers.