The Cat And The Rat

By Jean de La Fontaine

[1]      Four creatures, wont to prowl, -      Sly Grab-and-Snatch, the cat,      Grave Evil-bode, the owl,      Thief Nibble-stitch, the rat,      And Madam Weasel, prim and fine, -      Inhabited a rotten pine.      A man their home discover'd there,      And set, one night, a cunning snare.      The cat, a noted early-riser,      Went forth, at break of day,      To hunt her usual prey.      Not much the wiser      For morning's feeble ray,      The noose did suddenly surprise her.      Waked by her strangling cry,      Grey Nibble-stitch drew nigh:      As full of joy was he      As of despair was she,      For in the noose he saw      His foe of mortal paw.      'Dear friend,' said Mrs. Grab-and-Snatch,      'Do, pray, this cursed cord detach.      I've always known your skill,      And often your good-will;      Now help me from this worst of snares,      In which I fell at unawares.      'Tis by a sacred right,      You, sole of all your race,      By special love and grace,      Have been my favourite -      The darling of my eyes.      'Twas order'd by celestial cares,      No doubt; I thank the blessed skies,      That, going out to say my prayers,      As cats devout each morning do,      This net has made me pray to you.      Come, fall to work upon the cord.'      Replied the rat, 'And what reward      Shall pay me, if I dare?'      'Why,' said the cat, 'I swear      To be your firm ally:      Henceforth, eternally,      These powerful claws are yours,      Which safe your life insures.      I'll guard from quadruped and fowl;      I'll eat the weasel and the owl.'      'Ah,' cried the rat, 'you fool!      I'm quite too wise to be your tool.'      He said, and sought his snug retreat,      Close at the rotten pine-tree's feet.      Where plump he did the weasel meet;      Whom shunning by a happy dodge,      He climb'd the hollow trunk to lodge;      And there the savage owl he saw.      Necessity became his law,      And down he went, the rope to gnaw.      Strand after strand in two he bit,      And freed, at last, the hypocrite.      That moment came the man in sight;      The new allies took hasty flight.      A good while after that,      Our liberated cat      Espied her favourite rat,      Quite out of reach, and on his guard.      'My friend,' said she, 'I take your shyness hard;      Your caution wrongs my gratitude;      Approach, and greet your staunch ally.      Do you suppose, dear rat, that I      Forget the solemn oath I mew'd?'      'Do I forget,' the rat replied,      'To what your nature is allied?      To thankfulness, or even pity,      Can cats be ever bound by treaty?'      Alliance from necessity      Is safe just while it has to be.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem is a cautionary tale, told in the form of a fable, about the dangers of making alliances out of necessity, rather than mutual respect or shared values. The four creatures of the forest, each with their distinctly personified traits, weave an intricate narrative of deceit, desperation, and survival.

The poem's tone is playful yet dark, much like a traditional fairy tale. The cat's cunning and manipulative nature is starkly contrasted with the rat's wisdom and caution, creating an interesting dynamic that drives the narrative. This dynamic serves to underline the central theme of the poem: the precarious nature of alliances formed under duress.

The poem's structure, with its rhyming couplets and rhythmic beat, gives it a sing-song quality that lends a sense of whimsy to the grim tale. The clever use of anthropomorphism, a common literary device in fables, helps the reader engage with the characters and their predicaments, while also highlighting human traits and behaviors.

The final lines succinctly encapsulate the poem's moral lesson: alliances formed out of necessity are only as solid as the immediate threats that bind them. This poem, with its vivid imagery and layered characterizations, serves as a stark reminder of the complexities and potential pitfalls of relationships formed under pressure.

Understanding Fables

A fable is a timeless form of storytelling, typically featuring animals as characters that embody human traits, all while conveying a moral lesson. These short narratives have been used throughout history to impart wisdom, offering insights that remain relevant across generations.


Fables stand out for their simplicity and clarity, often concluding with a lesson that is easy to understand and remember. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Animal Characters: The main characters are often animals that represent human behaviors and characteristics, making the stories both engaging and relatable.
  • Concise Narrative: Fables are brief and focused, with each story centering around a single event or interaction that leads to a moral conclusion.
  • Moral Lesson: The purpose of a fable is to teach a lesson, which is usually stated clearly at the end, offering practical advice or ethical guidance.

From Aesop's ancient tales to modern adaptations, fables continue to be a powerful tool for education and moral reflection, resonating with audiences of all ages.