The Ohio Falls.

By Madison Julius Cawein

    Here on this jutting headland, where the trees     Spread a dusk carpet for the sun to cast     And count his golden guineas on, we'll stay;     For hence is the best prospect of the Falls,     Whose roar no more astounds the startled ear,     As when we bent and marked it from the bridge     Seething beneath and bounding like a steed -     A tameless steed with mane of flying spray -     Between the pillars rising sheer above.     But mark how soft its clamor now is grown,     Incessant rush like that of vernal groves     When, like some sweet surprise, a wand'ring wind,     Precursor of the coming rain, rides down     From a gray cloud and sets their leafy tongues     A-gabbing of the fresh, impending shower.     There runs the dam, and where its dark line cuts     The river's sheen, already you may see     The ripples glancing to the fervid sun,     As if the waves had couched a hundred spears     And tossed a hundred plumes of fleecy foam     In answer to the challenge of the Falls,     Blown on his bugle from the battlements     Of his subaqueous city's rocky walls.     And now you see their maddened coursers charge,     Hear wavy hoof-strokes on the jagged stones,     That pave the pathway of the current, beat,     While billowing they ride to ringing lists,     With shout and yell, and toss their hundred plumes,     And shock their riply spears in tournament     Upon the opposing billows' shining shields.     Now sinks a pennon, but 'tis raised again;     There falls or breaks a spear or sparkling sword;     A shattered helmet flies in flakes of foam     And on the frightened wind hisses away:     And o'er it all you hear the sound, the roar     Of waves that fall in onset or that strive.     On, on they come, a beautiful, mad troop!     On, on, along the sandy banks that fling     Red pebble-freckled arms far out to stay     The riotous waves that ride and hurl along     In casque and shield and wind their wat'ry horns.     And there where thousand oily eddies whirl,     And turn and turn like busy wheels of steel,     Is the Big Eddy, whose deep bottom none     As yet have felt with sounding plummet-line.     Like a huge giant, wily in its strength,     The Eddy lies; and bending from the shore     The spotted sycamores have looked and looked,     Watching his motions as a school boy might     A sleeping serpent coiled upon his path.     So long they've watched that their old backs have grown     Hump'd, gnarl'd, and crooked, nor seem they this to heed,     But gaze and gaze, and from the glossy waves     Their images stare back their wonderment.     Mayhap they've seen the guardian Genius lie     At its dark bottom in an oozy cave     Of shattered rock, recumbent on his mace     Of mineral; his locks of dripping green     Circling a crown of ore; his fishy eyes     Dull with the monotony of his aqueous realms.     But when the storm's abroad and smites the waves     With stinging lashes of the myriad rain,     Or scars with thunder some ancestral oak,     Sire of a forest, then he wakes in wrath,     And on the dark foundations of the stream     Stands monarch of the flood in iron crown,     And murmurs till the tempest fiends above     Stand stark with awe, and all the eddy breaks     To waves like those whose round and murky bulks.     Ribbed white with foam, wallow like battened swine     Along yon ridge of ragged rock o'erstrewn     With petrifactions of Time's earliest dawn;     Mollusks and trilobites and honey-combs     Of coral white; and here and there a mass     Of what seems writhing reptiles there convolved,     And in one moment when the change did come,     Which made and unmade continents and seas,     That teemed and groaned with dire monstrosities,     Had froze their glossy spines to sable stones.     There where uprises a dun knoll o'erstrewn     With black and rotten stumps in the mid river,     Erst rose an island green and beautiful     With willows, beeches, dappled sycamores;     Corn Island, on whose rich and fertile soil     The early pioneers a colony     Attempted once to found, ere ever this     Fair "City of the Falls" - now echoing to     The tingling bustle of its busy trade -     Was dreamed of. Here the woodman built     His rude log cabin; here he sowed his maize;     Here saw it tassel 'neath the Summer's smile,     And glance like ranks of feathered Indians thro'     The misty vistas of the broken woods;     Here reaped and sheaved its wealth of ivory ears     When Autumn came like a brown Indian maid     Tripping from the pink sunset o'er the hills,     That blushed for love and cast beneath her feet     Untold of gold in leaves and yellow fruit.     Here lived the pioneer and here he died,     And mingled his rough dust with the raw earth     Of that long isle which now disparted stands,     And nothing save a bed of limestone rock, -     Where in the quarry you may see the blast     Spout heavenward the dust and dirt and stone,     And flap and pound its echoes 'round the hills     Like giant strokes of some huge airy hammer, -     And that lone mound of stumpy earth to show     That there once stood an isle as rich and fair     As any isle that rises up to kiss     The sun and dream in tropic seas of balm.     There lies the other half of what was once     Corn Island; a broad channel flows between.     And this low half, mantled with a dwarf growth     Of what was once high brakes and forest land,     Goose Island now is named. In the dim morn,     Ere yet the East assumes her faintest blush.     Here may you hear the melancholy snipe     Piping, or see her paddling in the pools     That splash the low bed of the rocky isle.     Once here the Indian stole in natural craft     From brush to brush, his head plumes like a bird     Flutt'ring and nodding 'mid the undergrowth;     In his brown hand the pliant, polished bow,     And at his back his gaudy quiver filled     With tufted arrows headed with blue flint.     And while the deep flamingo colored West     Flamed on his ruddy cheek its airy fire,     Strung his quick bow and thro' the gray wild goose,     That rose with clamor from the rushy pool,     Launched a fleet barb, crested with quills - perchance     Plucked yestere'en from its dead mate's gray wing     To decorate the painted shaft that should     Dabble to-day their white in its mate's blood; -     It falling, gasping at its moccasined feet,     Its wild life breathed away, while the glad brave     Whooped to the sunset, and yon faint blue hills     Answered his exultation with a whoop.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This lengthy narrative poem vividly encapsulates the majestic power and beauty of nature, as well as the cyclical nature of life and history. The piece is imbued with a palpable sense of awe, reverence, and respect for the environment, which is personified throughout. The falls, the river, the eddy, the storm, and even the ancient fossils are portrayed as living entities with their own personalities, roles, and stories.

The poem skillfully employs an array of literary devices. Metaphors and similes are used to great effect, transforming nature's elements into a host of vivid and imaginative images, such as a "steed with mane of flying spray" or the eddy likened to a "huge giant, wily in its strength".

The tone of the poem is deeply contemplative and reverential, underscored by a sense of timelessness and the cyclical nature of existence. The cycles of the natural world are mirrored in the cycles of human history, as seen in the story of the early pioneers who once tried to establish a colony on Corn Island. The poem's structure, a series of descriptive and narrative stanzas, serves to further highlight these themes, as it allows the poet to delve deeply into each individual element or story.

In terms of themes, the poem explores the power and majesty of nature, the passage of time, the transience of human endeavors, and the enduring cycle of life and death. The narrative of the pioneers serves as a poignant reminder of human mortality and the fleeting nature of human achievements in the face of the timeless, enduring power of the natural world. The poem ends with a scene of primitive hunting, symbolizing the cyclical nature of life and the primal, enduring bond between humans and nature.

Exploring Narrative Poetry

Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well. Unlike lyric poetry, which focuses on emotions and thoughts, narrative poetry is dedicated to storytelling, weaving tales that captivate readers through plot and character development.


Narrative poems are unique in their ability to combine the depth of storytelling with the expressive qualities of poetry. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Structured Plot: Narrative poems typically have a clear beginning, middle, and end, following a plot that might involve conflict, climax, and resolution, much like a short story or novel.
  • Character Development: Characters in narrative poems are often well-developed, with distinct voices and personalities that drive the story forward.
  • Descriptive Language: The language used in narrative poetry is vivid and descriptive, painting a clear picture of the scenes and events, while also conveying the emotions and atmosphere of the story.

From ancient epics like "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" to more modern narrative poems, this form continues to engage readers by blending the art of storytelling with the beauty and rhythm of poetry.