The Cup Of Comus - Proem

By Madison Julius Cawein

    The Nights of song and story,     With breath of frost and rain,     Whose locks are wild and hoary,     Whose fingers tap the pane     With leaves, are come again.     The Nights of old October,     That hug the hearth and tell,     To child and grandsire sober,     Tales of what long befell     Of witch and warlock spell.     Nights, that, like gnome and faery,     Go, lost in mist and moon,     And speak in legendary     Thoughts or a mystic rune,     Much like the owlet's croon.     Or whirling on like witches,     Amid the brush and broom,     Call from the Earth its riches,     Of leaves and wild perfume,     And strew them through the gloom.     Till death, in all his starkness,     Assumes a form of fear,     And somewhere in the darkness     Seems slowly drawing near     In raiment torn and sere.     And with him comes November,     Who drips outside the door,     And wails what men remember     Of things believed no more,     Of superstitious lore.     Old tales of elf and dmon,     Of Kobold and of Troll,     And of the goblin woman     Who robs man of his soul     To make her own soul whole.     And all such tales, that glamoured     The child-heart once with fright,     That aged lips have stammered     For many a child's delight,     Shall speak again to-night.     To-night, of moonlight minted,     That is a cup divine,     Whence Death, all opal-tinted,     Wreathed red with leaf and vine,     Shall drink a magic wine.     A wonder-cup of Comus,     That with enchantment streams,     In which the heart of Momus,     That, moon-like, glooms and gleams,     Is drowned with all its dreams.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem offers a rich exploration of the nightly mysteries and age-old lore that come alive in the autumn months, particularly October and November. Through vivid imagery and evocative personification, the nights are portrayed as characters with "wild and hoary locks" and "fingers [that] tap the pane." This animistic approach effectively blurs the line between the natural world and the supernatural, creating an atmosphere of enchantment and haunting beauty.

The themes of the poem involve the passing of time, legacy, and the power of stories. The nights of October are depicted as elderly storytellers, sharing tales of witches, warlocks, elves, and goblins to a captive audience. This conjures up an image of oral tradition, with knowledge and lore passed down through generations. The poem's tone is one of eerie nostalgia, a blend of fear and fascination, which is mirrored in the structure that oscillates between the tangible and the ethereal.

In terms of literary devices, the poet makes effective use of metaphor, as in the "moonlight minted" night, which suggests a magical transformation of the ordinary into something precious. There's also a wealth of sensory language, painting a vivid picture of the autumn nights with their "leaves and wild perfume," their "frost and rain," and their "brush and broom." The use of alliteration, as in "witch and warlock spell," adds to the musicality of the poem and heightens its incantatory feel.

The poem's exploration of death also cannot be overlooked. Death is personified and depicted as a threatening, yet integral part of the cycle of life. The use of autumn, a season often associated with decay and the end of life, as a backdrop, reinforces this. However, the final lines suggest a transformative power even in death, "a magic wine" that drowns all dreams, perhaps suggesting the possibility of rebirth or renewal.

Exploring Lyric Poetry

Lyric poetry is a powerful and intimate form of expression, characterized by its focus on the personal emotions and thoughts of the poet. Often musical in nature, lyric poems resonate with readers through their vivid language and rhythmic flow, capturing moments of intense feeling.


Here are some key characteristics that define lyric poetry:

  • Expressive Language: Lyric poems use rich and evocative language to convey deep emotions, often painting a vivid picture of the poet's inner world.
  • Personal Perspective: Typically written in the first person, these poems offer a window into the poet's personal experiences, thoughts, and reflections.
  • Musicality: Lyric poems often feature a rhythmic structure, with meter and rhyme that give them a song-like quality, enhancing the emotional impact.

From ancient odes to contemporary free verse, lyric poetry remains a beloved and enduring form, celebrated for its ability to articulate the nuances of human emotion in a way that resonates deeply with readers.