The Covered Bridge

Author: Madison Julius Cawein


There, from its entrance, lost in matted vines,
 Where in the valley foams a water-fall,
 Is glimpsed a ruined mill's remaining wall;
 Here, by the road, the oxeye daisy mines
 Hot brass and bronze; the trumpet-trailer shines
 Red as the plumage of the cardinal.
 Faint from the forest comes the rain-crow's call
 Where dusty Summer dreams among the pines.
 This is the spot where Spring writes wildflower verses
 In primrose pink, while, drowsing o'er his reins,
 The ploughman, all unnoticing, plods along:
 And where the Autumn opens weedy purses
 Of sleepy silver, while the corn-heaped wains
 Rumble the bridge like some deep throat of song.

Type of Poem: Sonnet

Date Written:

Date Published:

Language: English

Keywords: Public Domain

Source: Public Domain Collection

Publisher:

Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Comments/Notes: This poem beautifully embraces the theme of nature's passage through the seasons, while employing vivid imagery and personification to bring to life an idyllic rural landscape. The poem's structure is deliberately divided to represent each season, starting with the lush, vibrant summer, transitioning into the serene tranquility of fall, and finally, the quiet dormancy of winter. This cyclical structure reinforces the poem’s thematic exploration of the constant, inevitable passage of time.

The tone of the poem is meditative and contemplative, inviting the reader to pause and appreciate the natural world's beauty and the simple, unassuming ways in which it changes over time. The poet masterfully uses color symbolism to paint a vivid picture of each season. For example, the "Hot brass and bronze" of summer flowers and the "Red as the plumage of the cardinal" in fall. The alliteration in phrases like "ploughman, all unnoticing, plods along," adds a musical quality to the reading, while the use of metaphor in the final line, "Rumble the bridge like some deep throat of song," leaves a lasting impression of the omnipresent, harmonious rhythm of nature. The poem, therefore, not only celebrates the beauty of the natural world but also underscores its intrinsic connection to human life and the arts.

Understanding the Sonnet

The sonnet is one of the most enduring and celebrated forms of poetry, known for its strict structure and profound themes. With a history spanning centuries, sonnets have been used to explore love, beauty, politics, and mortality, all within the confines of just 14 lines.


Sonnets are characterized by their precise form and rhyme scheme, which vary depending on the type of sonnet. Here’s a closer look:

  • Shakespearean (English) Sonnet: Composed of three quatrains followed by a final couplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG. This form often builds a complex argument or narrative, culminating in a powerful closing statement.
  • Petrarchan (Italian) Sonnet: Divided into an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines), with a typical rhyme scheme of ABBAABBA for the octave, followed by various patterns in the sestet such as CDECDE or CDCDCD. The octave usually presents a problem, with the sestet providing a resolution.
  • Meter: Sonnets are traditionally written in iambic pentameter, which gives the poem a rhythmic and melodic quality that enhances its emotional impact.

The sonnet’s enduring appeal lies in its ability to condense complex emotions and ideas into a small but potent package, making it a favorite form for poets seeking to explore profound themes with precision and elegance.