Ossian's Poems.

Author: Madison Julius Cawein


    Here I have heard on hills the battle clash
     Roar to the windy sea that roared again:
     When, drunk with wrath, upon the clanking plain
    Barbaric kings did meet in war and dash
    Their maild thousands down, heard onset crash
     Like crags contending 'gainst the battering main.
     Torrents of helms, beaming like streams of rain,
    Blue-billowing 'neath the pale moon's fitful flash;
    Saw the scared moon hang over the black wood
     Like a pale wreath of foam; shields, spears, and swords
    Shoot green as meteors thro' the steely flood,
     Or shine like ripples 'round their heathen lords
    Standing like stubborn rocks, whence the wild wave
    Of war circled in steel and foamed out brave on brave.

Type of Poem: Sonnet

Date Written:

Date Published:

Language: English

Keywords: Public Domain

Source: Public Domain Collection

Publisher:

Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Comments/Notes: The poem presents a vivid and intense portrayal of a historical battlefield, set against a backdrop of harsh nature. The primary theme revolves around war and conflict, capturing the raw power, chaos, and violence associated with it. The author's use of powerful and dynamic imagery paints a picture of intense battles, where "Barbaric kings" clash, and their forces, described as "maild thousands", fall.

The tone of the poem is dramatic and somber, highlighting the futility and destructiveness of war. The poet utilizes nature as a metaphor for the battlefield, comparing the clash of armies to a stormy sea and the moonlight to the glint of weapons. The language is filled with metaphors and similes, such as "Torrents of helms, beaming like streams of rain," which add to the atmospheric quality of the poem. The structure of the poem, with its consistent rhythm, creates a sense of the relentless pace of war. The final lines depict the resilience of the "heathen lords" amidst the tumultuous sea of war, encapsulating the tragic heroism often associated with such conflicts. The poem offers a poignant commentary on the brutality and grandeur of warfare, effectively engaging the reader with its vivid imagery and emotional resonance.

Understanding the Sonnet

The sonnet is one of the most enduring and celebrated forms of poetry, known for its strict structure and profound themes. With a history spanning centuries, sonnets have been used to explore love, beauty, politics, and mortality, all within the confines of just 14 lines.


Sonnets are characterized by their precise form and rhyme scheme, which vary depending on the type of sonnet. Here’s a closer look:

  • Shakespearean (English) Sonnet: Composed of three quatrains followed by a final couplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG. This form often builds a complex argument or narrative, culminating in a powerful closing statement.
  • Petrarchan (Italian) Sonnet: Divided into an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines), with a typical rhyme scheme of ABBAABBA for the octave, followed by various patterns in the sestet such as CDECDE or CDCDCD. The octave usually presents a problem, with the sestet providing a resolution.
  • Meter: Sonnets are traditionally written in iambic pentameter, which gives the poem a rhythmic and melodic quality that enhances its emotional impact.

The sonnet’s enduring appeal lies in its ability to condense complex emotions and ideas into a small but potent package, making it a favorite form for poets seeking to explore profound themes with precision and elegance.