Of The Slums.

Author: Madison Julius Cawein


    Red-Faced as old carousal, and with eyes
    A hard, hot blue; her hair a frowsy flame,
    Bold, dowdy-bosomed, from her widow-frame
    She leans, her mouth all insult and all lies.
    Or slattern-slippered and in sluttish gown,
    With ribald mirth and words too vile to name,
    A new Doll Tearsheet, glorying in her shame,
    Armed with her Falstaff now she takes the town.
    The flaring lights of alley-way saloons,
    The reek of hideous gutters and black oaths
    Of drunkenness from vice-infested dens,
    Are to her senses what the silvery moon's
    Chaste splendor is, and what the blossoming growths
    Of earth and bird-song are to innocence.

Type of Poem: Sonnet

Date Written:

Date Published:

Language: English

Keywords: Public Domain

Source: Public Domain Collection

Publisher:

Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Comments/Notes: This poem presents a vivid portrait of a fallen woman, blending gritty realism with a touch of the Shakespearean. The use of rich, vivid imagery and harsh descriptors such as "red-faced," "frowsy flame," and "sluttish gown" underscores the character's moral degradation. She is compared to the Doll Tearsheet, a bawdy woman from Shakespeare's "Henry IV," suggesting that her behavior is not just distasteful, but theatrically so, contributing to the poem's overall tone of tragicomic disdain.

The structure of the poem, a single, substantial block of text, helps to create an overwhelming sense of the character's presence and the pervasive nature of her vice. The themes of debauchery and moral decay are effectively contrasted with the more traditional, romantic imagery of the "silvery moon's chaste splendor" and "blossoming growths of earth," serving to highlight the moral chasm between innocence and the character's sullied existence. Furthermore, the poem's diction and tone suggest a judgement not just of the character, but also of the societal conditions and environments that nurture such behavior. This combination of vivid character portrayal and social commentary makes the poem a compelling exploration of vice and virtue.

Understanding the Sonnet

The sonnet is one of the most enduring and celebrated forms of poetry, known for its strict structure and profound themes. With a history spanning centuries, sonnets have been used to explore love, beauty, politics, and mortality, all within the confines of just 14 lines.


Sonnets are characterized by their precise form and rhyme scheme, which vary depending on the type of sonnet. Here’s a closer look:

  • Shakespearean (English) Sonnet: Composed of three quatrains followed by a final couplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG. This form often builds a complex argument or narrative, culminating in a powerful closing statement.
  • Petrarchan (Italian) Sonnet: Divided into an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines), with a typical rhyme scheme of ABBAABBA for the octave, followed by various patterns in the sestet such as CDECDE or CDCDCD. The octave usually presents a problem, with the sestet providing a resolution.
  • Meter: Sonnets are traditionally written in iambic pentameter, which gives the poem a rhythmic and melodic quality that enhances its emotional impact.

The sonnet’s enduring appeal lies in its ability to condense complex emotions and ideas into a small but potent package, making it a favorite form for poets seeking to explore profound themes with precision and elegance.