Elphin

By Madison Julius Cawein

    The eve was a burning copper,      The night was a boundless black     Where wells of the lightning crumbled      And boiled with blazing rack,     When I came to the coal-black castle      With the wild rain on my back.     Thrice under its goblin towers,      Where the causey of rock was laid,     Thrice, there at its spider portal,      My scornful bugle brayed,     But never a warder questioned, -      An owl's was the answer made.     When the heaven above was blistered      One scald of blinding storm,     And the blackness clanged like a cavern      Of iron where demons swarm,     I rode in the court of the castle      With the shield upon my arm.     My sword unsheathed and certain      Of the visor of my casque,     My steel steps challenged the donjon      My gauntlet should unmask;     But never a knight or varlet      To stay or slay or ask.     My heels on the stone ground iron,      My fists on the bolts clashed steel; -     In the hall, the roar of the torrent,      In the turret, the thunder's peal; -     And I found her there in the turret      Alone by her spinning-wheel.     She spun the flax of a spindle,      And I wondered on her face;     She spun the flax of a spindle,      And I marvelled on her grace;     She spun the flax of a spindle,      And I watched a little space.     But nerves of my manhood weakened;      The heart in my breast was wax;     Myself but the hide of an image      Out-stuffed with the hards of flax: -     She spun and she smiled a-spinning      A spindle of blood-red flax.     She spun and she laughed a-spinning      The blood of my veins in a skein;     But I knew how the charm was mastered,      And snapped in the hissing vein;     So she wove but a fiery scorpion      That writhed from her hands again....     Fleeing in rain and in tempest,      Saw by the cataract's bed, -     Cancers of ulcerous fire,      Wounds of a bloody red, -     Its windows glare in the darkness      Eyes of a dragon's head.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem is a captivating narrative that seems to take place in a gothic, mythic setting. Its vivid, dark imagery, from the "burning copper" sky to the "coal-black castle," creates a sense of foreboding and danger. The protagonist's journey through a tempestuous night into a seemingly abandoned castle, and his encounter with a mysterious woman, are portrayed in a dramatic, suspenseful tone.

The poem's structure is consistent, adhering to a regular rhythm and rhyme scheme that enhances its storytelling quality. Despite the emotional intensity of the content, the rhythm of the poem gives it a certain musicality and flow. The repetition of the phrase "She spun the flax of a spindle," for instance, creates a hypnotic effect that mirrors the protagonist's fascination with the woman and her spinning.

The poem employs powerful visual and auditory imagery, and the use of personification and metaphor heightens the drama and tension. The castle, for example, is imbued with life and menace, its windows glaring like "Eyes of a dragon's head." The woman's spinning, too, is depicted not merely as an act of weaving, but as a kind of sorcery that drains the protagonist of his vitality.

Overall, the poem is a rich blend of gothic atmosphere, suspenseful narrative, and vivid, often startling imagery. It explores themes of courage, danger, mystery, and the potentially destructive power of enchantment.

Understanding Ballads

A ballad is a form of verse, often a narrative set to music, that has been a cornerstone of storytelling across various cultures. Traditionally passed down orally, ballads are known for their rhythmic structure and often tell tales of love, adventure, and heroism.


Ballads are characterized by their strong rhythm and repetition, making them both memorable and engaging. Here are some defining features:

  • Narrative Structure: Ballads typically tell a story, often a dramatic or emotional tale that unfolds in a straightforward, chronological order.
  • Quatrain Stanzas: Most ballads are composed of quatrains (four-line stanzas) with a rhyme scheme of ABAB or ABCB, which adds to the musicality of the verse.
  • Repetition: Refrains or repeated lines are common in ballads, helping to emphasize key themes or emotions and making the ballad easier to remember.
  • Oral Tradition: Many ballads originated from oral traditions, which means they were passed down through generations by word of mouth before being written down.

From medieval minstrels to contemporary songwriters, ballads have continued to evolve, remaining a beloved form of expression that captures the human experience in a way that is both poetic and accessible.