Carmen.

By Madison Julius Cawein

La Gitanilla! tall dragoons In Andalusian afternoons, With ogling eye and compliment Smiled on you, as along you went Some sleepy street of old Seville; Twirled with a military skill Moustaches; buttoned uniforms Of Spanish yellow bowed your charms. Proud, wicked head and hair blue-black! Whence your mantilla, half thrown back, Discovered shoulders and bold breast Bohemian brown: and you were dressed - In some short skirt of gipsy red Of smuggled stuff; thence stockings dead White silk exposed with many a hole Thro' which your plump legs roguish stole A fleshly look; and tiny toes In red morocco shoes with bows Of scarlet ribbons. Daintily You walked by me and I did see Your oblique eyes, your sensuous lip, That gnawed the rose you once did flip At bashful Jose's nose while loud Laughed the guant guards among the crowd. And, in your brazen chemise thrust, Heaved with the swelling of your bust, That bunch of white acacia blooms Whiffed past my nostrils hot perfumes. As in a cool neveria I ate an ice with Mrime, Dark Carmencita, you passed gay, All holiday bedizend, A new mantilla on your head; A crimson dress bespangled fierce; And crescent gold, hung in your ears, Shone wrought Morisco; and each shoe Cordovan leather, spangled blue, Glanced merriment; and from large arms To well-turned ancles all your charms Blew flutterings and glitterings Of satin bands and beaded strings; And 'round each arm's fair thigh one fold, And graceful wrists, a twisted gold Coiled serpents, tails fixed in the head, Convulsive-jeweled glossy red. In flowers and trimmings to the jar Of mandolin and low guitar You in the grated patio Danced; the curled coxcombs' flirting row Rang pleased applause. I saw you dance, With wily motion and glad glance Voluptuous, the wild romalis, Where every movement was a kiss Of elegance delicious, wound In your Basque tambourine's dull sound. Or as the ebon castanets Clucked out dry time in unctuous jets, Saw angry Jose thro' the grate Glare on us a pale face of hate, When some indecent colonel there Presumed too lewdly for his ear. Some still night in Seville; the street, Candilejo; two shadows meet - Flash sabres; crossed within the moon, - Clash rapidly - a dead dragoon.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
The poem is a vibrant, sensual exploration of a Spanish gypsy woman's life, steeped in vivid imagery and rich cultural detail. The central themes revolve around desire, jealousy, and the intersection of social class and culture. The titular "Gitanilla" is depicted as an alluring figure, capturing the fascination of both the upper military class and the lower class represented by Jose. Her allure is heightened by her exotic "Bohemian brown" skin, her "gipsy red" attire, and her confident, flirtatious demeanor.

The poem is structured as a continuous flow of detailed descriptions and anecdotes, with a dramatic climax involving a duel, which adds a violent, tragic edge to the otherwise sensual narrative. One of the standout literary devices employed is the use of color to emphasize the vibrant, passionate nature of the culture and the central character. For example, the red of the Gitanilla's dress and her "scarlet ribbons" symbolize her fiery, passionate personality, while the "Spanish yellow" of the soldiers' uniforms conveys their high social status. The poem also uses sensual imagery, such as the smell of the "hot perfumes" and the taste of the ice in the "cool neveria," to engage the readers' senses and draw them into the world of the poem. This vivid sensory detail, combined with the rhythmic, flowing lines, creates a rich, immersive reading experience.

Exploring Narrative Poetry

Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well. Unlike lyric poetry, which focuses on emotions and thoughts, narrative poetry is dedicated to storytelling, weaving tales that captivate readers through plot and character development.


Narrative poems are unique in their ability to combine the depth of storytelling with the expressive qualities of poetry. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Structured Plot: Narrative poems typically have a clear beginning, middle, and end, following a plot that might involve conflict, climax, and resolution, much like a short story or novel.
  • Character Development: Characters in narrative poems are often well-developed, with distinct voices and personalities that drive the story forward.
  • Descriptive Language: The language used in narrative poetry is vivid and descriptive, painting a clear picture of the scenes and events, while also conveying the emotions and atmosphere of the story.

From ancient epics like "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" to more modern narrative poems, this form continues to engage readers by blending the art of storytelling with the beauty and rhythm of poetry.