At Nineveh

By Madison Julius Cawein

Written for my friend Walter S. Mathews.     There was a princess once, who loved the slave      Of an Assyrian king, her father; known     At Nineveh as Hadria; o'er whose grave      The sands of centuries have long been blown;     Yet sooner shall the night forget its stars      Than love her story: - How, unto his throne,     One day she came, where, with his warriors,      The king sat in the hall of audience,     'Mid pillared trophies of barbaric wars,      And, kneeling to him, asked, "O father, whence     Comes love and why?" - He, smiling on her, said, -      "O Hadria, love is of the gods, and hence     Divine, is only soul-interpreted.      But why love is, ah, child, we do not know,     Unless 'tis love that gives us life when dead." -      And then his daughter, with a face aglow     With all the love that clamored in her blood      Its sweet avowal, lifted arms of snow,     And, like Aurora's rose, before him stood,      Saying, - "Since love is of the powers above,     I love a slave, O Asshur! Let the good      The gods have giv'n be sanctioned. Speak not of     Dishonor and our line's ancestral dead!      They are imperial dust. I live and love." -     Black as black storm then rose the king and said, -      A lightning gesture at her standing there, -     "Enough! ho, Rhana, strike me off her head!"      And at the mandate, with his limbs half bare     A slave strode forth. Majestic was his form      As some young god's. He, gathering up her hair,     Wound it three times around his sinewy arm.      Then drew his sword. It for one moment shone     A semicircling light, and, dripping warm,      Lifting the head he stood before the throne.     Then cried the despot, "By the horn of Bel!      This was no child of mine!" - Like chiselled stone     Still stood the slave, a son of Israel.      Then striding towards the monarch, in his eye     The wrath of heaven and the hate of hell,      Shrieked, "Lust! I loved her! look on us and die!"     Swifter than fire clove him to the brain.      Then kissed the dead fair face of her held high,     And crying, "Judge, O God, between us twain!"      A thousand daggers in his heart, fell slain.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem is a dramatic narrative that takes the reader back to ancient times, filled with royalty, love, and tragedy. The primary theme conveyed is the power of love and its transformative ability, even in the face of societal norms and power structures. The poem begins with a princess, Hadria, who falls in love with a slave, a relationship tabooed by her society. Her confession of love to her father, the Assyrian king, sets the story into motion.

The structure of the poem is cohesive and unfolds like a tragic play, with the tone escalating from innocence and love to high drama, defiance, and eventual tragedy. The use of dialogue is particularly effective, enhancing the emotional depth of the characters and moving the narrative forward. The verses are enriched with vivid imagery and metaphors, creating a grand, yet intimate spectacle.

The poem uses a variety of literary devices, including foreshadowing, personification, and simile. For example, the princess is likened to "Aurora's rose," symbolizing her innocence and passion. The narrative then takes a dark turn when the king orders his daughter's execution, and the climax is reached when the slave, revealed to be the princess's lover, takes revenge.

The ending leaves a deep impression, with the slave invoking divine judgment before succumbing to a thousand daggers. The poem's conclusion is both shocking and poignant, underscoring the themes of love, defiance, and tragic destiny. The poet brilliantly uses the narrative and its characters to explore the complexities of love, power, and fate.

Exploring Narrative Poetry

Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well. Unlike lyric poetry, which focuses on emotions and thoughts, narrative poetry is dedicated to storytelling, weaving tales that captivate readers through plot and character development.


Narrative poems are unique in their ability to combine the depth of storytelling with the expressive qualities of poetry. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Structured Plot: Narrative poems typically have a clear beginning, middle, and end, following a plot that might involve conflict, climax, and resolution, much like a short story or novel.
  • Character Development: Characters in narrative poems are often well-developed, with distinct voices and personalities that drive the story forward.
  • Descriptive Language: The language used in narrative poetry is vivid and descriptive, painting a clear picture of the scenes and events, while also conveying the emotions and atmosphere of the story.

From ancient epics like "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" to more modern narrative poems, this form continues to engage readers by blending the art of storytelling with the beauty and rhythm of poetry.