The Death Of none

By Alfred Lord Tennyson

none sat within the cave from out Whose ivy-matted mouth she used to gaze Down at the Troad; but the goodly view Was now one blank, and all the serpent vines Which on the touch of heavenly feet had risen, And gliding thro the branches over-bowerd The naked Three, were witherd long ago, And thro the sunless winter morning-mist In silence wept upon the flowerless earth. And while she stared at those dead cords that ran Dark thro the mist, and linking tree to tree, But once were gayer than a dawning sky With many a pendent bell and fragrant star, Her Past became her Present, and she saw Him, climbing toward her with the golden fruit, Him, happy to be chosen judge of Gods, Her husband in the flush of youth and dawn, Paris, himself as beauteous as a God. Anon from out the long ravine below, She heard a wailing cry, that seemd at first Thin as the bat like shrillings of the Dead When driven to Hades, but, in coming near, Across the downward thunder of the brook Sounded none; and on a sudden he, Paris, no longer beauteous as a God, Struck by a poisond arrow in the fight, Lame, crooked, reeling, livid, thro the mist Rose, like the wraith of his dead self, and moand none, my none, while we dwelt Together in this valleyhappy then Too happy had I died within thine arms, Before the feud of Gods had marrd our peace, And sunderd each from each. I am dying now Pierced by a poisond dart. Save me. Thou knowest, Taught by some God, whatever herb or balm May clear the blood from poison, and thy fame Is blown thro all the Troad, and to thee The shepherd brings his adder-bitten lamb, The wounded warrior climbs from Troy to thee. My life and death are in thy hand. The Gods Avenge on stony hearts a fruitless prayer For pity. Let me owe my life to thee. I wrought thee bitter wrong, but thou forgive, Forget it. Man is but the slave of Fate. none, by thy love which once was mine, Help, heal me. I am poisond to the heart. And I to mine she said Adulterer, Go back to thine adulteress and die! He groand, he turnd, and in the mist at once Became a shadow, sank and disappeard, But, ere the mountain rolls into the plain, Fell headlong dead; and of the shepherds one Their oldest, and the same who first had found Paris, a naked babe, among the woods Of Ida, following lighted on him there, And shouted, and the shepherds heard and came. One raised the Prince, one sleekd the squalid hair, One kissd his hand, another closed his eyes, And then, remembering the gay playmate reard Among them, and forgetful of the man, Whose crime had half unpeopled Ilion, these All that day long labourd, hewing the pines, And built their shepherd-prince a funeral pile; And, while the star of eve was drawing light From the dead sun, kindled the pyre, and all Stood round it, hushd, or calling on his name. But when the white fog vanishd like a ghost Before the day, and every topmost pine Spired into bluest heaven, still in her cave, Amazed, and ever seeming stared upon By ghastlier than the Gorgon head, a face, His face deformd by lurid blotch and blain There, like a creature frozen to the heart Beyond all hope of warmth, none sat Not moving, till in front of that ravine Which drowsed in gloom, self-darkend from the west, The sunset blazed along the wall of Troy. Then her head sank, she slept, and thro her dream A ghostly murmur floated, Come to me, none! I can wrong thee now no more, none, my none, and the dream Waild in her, when she woke beneath the stars. What star eould burn so low? not Ilion yet. What light was there? She rose and slowly down, By the long torrents ever-deepend roar, Paced, following, as in trance, the silent cry. She waked a bird of prey that screamd and past She roused a snake that hissing writhed away; A panther sprang across her path, she heard The shriek of some lost life among the pines, But when she gaind the broader vale, and saw The ring of faces reddend by the flames Enfolding that dark body which had lain Of old in her embrace, pausedand then askd Falteringly, Who lies on yonder pyre? But every man was mute for reverence. Then moving quickly forward till the heat Smote on her brow, she lifted up a voice Of shrill command, Who burns upon the pyre? Whereon their oldest and their boldest said, He, whom thou wouldst not heal! and all at once The morning light of happy marriage broke Thro all the clouded years of widowhood, And muffling up her comely head, and crying Husband! she leapt upon the funeral pile, And mixt herself with him and past in fire.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem is an intricately woven tapestry of love, betrayal, and tragic retribution, articulating the complexities of human emotion. The poem's narrative is firmly rooted in Greek mythology, featuring characters such as Paris, renowned for his beauty and tragically consequential choices. The poem is richly packed with vivid imagery and profound themes, which are skillfully juxtaposed through the careful use of language and structure.

The poem explores the theme of love and its antithesis betrayal, as seen in the relationship between Paris and the speaker. Their once radiant love is now tarnished by betrayal and regret, creating a melancholic tone. The poet uses the motif of nature, such as the 'ivy-matted mouth,' 'serpent vines,' and 'sunless winter morning-mist,' to mirror the speaker's internal turmoil. The decayed vines, once vibrant with 'heavenly feet' and 'fragrant star,' now 'withered' and 'flowerless,' symbolize the deterioration of their love.

The poem's structure fluctuates between the past and present, reflecting a sense of nostalgia and regret that permeates the speaker's thoughts. The poet cleverly manipulates time to emphasize the stark contrast between the speaker's blissful past and her desolate present. The use of dramatic monologue and vivid dialogue further enhances the emotional depth of the poem, allowing the reader to empathize with the speaker's pain and despair.

The poem concludes with a tragic climax, as the speaker, in her grief and regret, chooses to join her husband in death - a poignant testament to the enduring, though fractured, bond of love. This dramatic ending powerfully encapsulates the themes of love, betrayal, and retribution, leaving a lasting impression on the reader. The poet's successful use of powerful imagery, emotive language, and complex themes make this poem a compelling exploration of human emotion and the destructive power of betrayal.

Exploring Narrative Poetry

Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well. Unlike lyric poetry, which focuses on emotions and thoughts, narrative poetry is dedicated to storytelling, weaving tales that captivate readers through plot and character development.


Narrative poems are unique in their ability to combine the depth of storytelling with the expressive qualities of poetry. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Structured Plot: Narrative poems typically have a clear beginning, middle, and end, following a plot that might involve conflict, climax, and resolution, much like a short story or novel.
  • Character Development: Characters in narrative poems are often well-developed, with distinct voices and personalities that drive the story forward.
  • Descriptive Language: The language used in narrative poetry is vivid and descriptive, painting a clear picture of the scenes and events, while also conveying the emotions and atmosphere of the story.

From ancient epics like "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" to more modern narrative poems, this form continues to engage readers by blending the art of storytelling with the beauty and rhythm of poetry.