To Governor Swain

By Oliver Wendell Holmes

    Dear Governor, if my skiff might brave     The winds that lift the ocean wave,     The mountain stream that loops and swerves     Through my broad meadow's channelled curves     Should waft me on from bound to bound     To where the River weds the Sound,     The Sound should give me to the Sea,     That to the Bay, the Bay to thee.     It may not be; too long the track     To follow down or struggle back.     The sun has set on fair Naushon     Long ere my western blaze is gone;     The ocean disk is rolling dark     In shadows round your swinging bark,     While yet the yellow sunset fills     The stream that scarfs my spruce-clad hills;     The day-star wakes your island deer     Long ere my barnyard chanticleer;     Your mists are soaring in the blue     While mine are sparks of glittering dew.     It may not be; oh, would it might,     Could I live o'er that glowing night!     What golden hours would come to life,     What goodly feats of peaceful strife, -     Such jests, that, drained of every joke,     The very bank of language broke, -     Such deeds, that Laughter nearly died     With stitches in his belted side;     While Time, caught fast in pleasure's chain,     His double goblet snapped in twain,     And stood with half in either hand, -     Both brimming full, - but not of sand!     It may not be; I strive in vain     To break my slender household chain, -     Three pairs of little clasping hands,     One voice, that whispers, not commands.     Even while my spirit flies away,     My gentle jailers murmur nay;     All shapes of elemental wrath     They raise along my threatened path;     The storm grows black, the waters rise,     The mountains mingle with the skies,     The mad tornado scoops the ground,     The midnight robber prowls around, -     Thus, kissing every limb they tie,     They draw a knot and heave a sigh,     Till, fairly netted in the toil,     My feet are rooted to the soil.     Only the soaring wish is free! -     And that, dear Governor, flies to thee!     PITTSFIELD, 1851.

Share & Analyze This Poem

Spread the beauty of poetry or dive deeper into analysis

Analyze This Poem

Discover the literary devices, structure, and deeper meaning

Copy to Clipboard

Save this poem for personal use or sharing offline


Share the Love of Poetry

Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem is a vivid narrative of longing and constraint, framed within the natural world. The speaker, addressing a figure of authority—the Governor—expresses a desire for freedom and movement, as symbolized by the journey of a skiff braving wild winds and ocean waves. The detailed, evocative description of this imagined journey sets up the poem's primary theme: a longing for liberation and adventure, contrasted sharply with the speaker's actual, confined state.

The poem's tone is one of melancholy and longing, but also of affection and humor. The speaker acknowledges the impossibility of their desire, attributing this to the constraints of domestic life, portrayed through the metaphor of "three pairs of little clasping hands," and "one voice, that whispers, not commands." This reveals a softer, more intimate side to the speaker's situation, suggesting that the confinement is not wholly unwelcome. Yet, the speaker's desire for freedom remains, embodied in the "soaring wish" that is the only part of them truly free.

In terms of structure, the poem maintains a consistent rhythm that contributes to the overall sense of longing and desire, while the use of end rhyme creates a comforting, familiar pattern. The poem's imagery is rich and vivid, particularly the natural landscapes that serve as a backdrop for the speaker's yearning. The poet also employs personification, as in "Laughter nearly died" and "Time, caught fast in pleasure's chain," allowing abstract concepts to interact in tangible ways within the narrative. These literary devices, along with the themes and tone, work together to create a poignant depiction of the tension between freedom and responsibility, desire and duty.

Exploring Lyric Poetry

Lyric poetry is a powerful and intimate form of expression, characterized by its focus on the personal emotions and thoughts of the poet. Often musical in nature, lyric poems resonate with readers through their vivid language and rhythmic flow, capturing moments of intense feeling.


Here are some key characteristics that define lyric poetry:

  • Expressive Language: Lyric poems use rich and evocative language to convey deep emotions, often painting a vivid picture of the poet's inner world.
  • Personal Perspective: Typically written in the first person, these poems offer a window into the poet's personal experiences, thoughts, and reflections.
  • Musicality: Lyric poems often feature a rhythmic structure, with meter and rhyme that give them a song-like quality, enhancing the emotional impact.

From ancient odes to contemporary free verse, lyric poetry remains a beloved and enduring form, celebrated for its ability to articulate the nuances of human emotion in a way that resonates deeply with readers.