The Dilemma

By Oliver Wendell Holmes

    Now, by the blessed Paphian queen,     Who heaves the breast of sweet sixteen;     By every name I cut on bark     Before my morning star grew dark;     By Hymen's torch, by Cupid's dart,     By all that thrills the beating heart;     The bright black eye, the melting blue, -     I cannot choose between the two.     I had a vision in my dreams; -     I saw a row of twenty beams;     From every beam a rope was hung,     In every rope a lover swung;     I asked the hue of every eye     That bade each luckless lover die;     Ten shadowy lips said, heavenly blue,     And ten accused the darker hue.     I asked a matron which she deemed     With fairest light of beauty beamed;     She answered, some thought both were fair, -     Give her blue eyes and golden hair.     I might have liked her judgment well,     But, as she spoke, she rung the bell,     And all her girls, nor small nor few,     Came marching in, - their eyes were blue.     I asked a maiden; back she flung     The locks that round her forehead hung,     And turned her eye, a glorious one,     Bright as a diamond in the sun,     On me, until beneath its rays     I felt as if my hair would blaze;     She liked all eyes but eyes of green;     She looked at me; what could she mean?     Ah! many lids Love lurks between,     Nor heeds the coloring of his screen;     And when his random arrows fly,     The victim falls, but knows not why.     Gaze not upon his shield of jet,     The shaft upon the string is set;     Look not beneath his azure veil,     Though every limb were cased in mail.     Well, both might make a martyr break     The chain that bound him to the stake;     And both, with but a single ray,     Can melt our very hearts away;     And both, when balanced, hardly seem     To stir the scales, or rock the beam;     But that is dearest, all the while,     That wears for us the sweetest smile.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem is a contemplative exploration of the theme of beauty, particularly as it pertains to the allure of the human eye. The speaker grapples with the irresistible charm of both black and blue eyes, symbolizing the universal and timeless allure of beauty. The poem also explores the theme of love, with the invocation of classical love deities like the Paphian queen (Aphrodite), Hymen (the god of marriage), and Cupid (the god of love).

The poet employs a light, playful tone, which is reflected in the poem's rhythmic and rhymed structure. The poem is rich with vivid imagery, and the use of contrasting colors (black and blue) to describe the eyes enhances the visual effect. The poet also uses metaphorical language, comparing the gaze of a beautiful eye to a diamond in the sun and to an arrow from Cupid's bow. The latter metaphor suggests the unpredictability and inescapability of love, further adding depth to the poem's exploration of beauty and attraction. The poet's use of dialogue and various perspectives (from the matron, the maiden, and the speaker himself) provides a multifaceted view on the subject of beauty, highlighting its subjective nature. The poem concludes on a tender note, suggesting that the dearest beauty is that which smiles sweetly for us, perhaps hinting at the idea that true beauty is more about personal connection than physical attributes.

Exploring Lyric Poetry

Lyric poetry is a powerful and intimate form of expression, characterized by its focus on the personal emotions and thoughts of the poet. Often musical in nature, lyric poems resonate with readers through their vivid language and rhythmic flow, capturing moments of intense feeling.


Here are some key characteristics that define lyric poetry:

  • Expressive Language: Lyric poems use rich and evocative language to convey deep emotions, often painting a vivid picture of the poet's inner world.
  • Personal Perspective: Typically written in the first person, these poems offer a window into the poet's personal experiences, thoughts, and reflections.
  • Musicality: Lyric poems often feature a rhythmic structure, with meter and rhyme that give them a song-like quality, enhancing the emotional impact.

From ancient odes to contemporary free verse, lyric poetry remains a beloved and enduring form, celebrated for its ability to articulate the nuances of human emotion in a way that resonates deeply with readers.