James Russell Lowell

By Oliver Wendell Holmes

1819-1891     Thou shouldst have sung the swan-song for the choir     That filled our groves with music till the day     Lit the last hilltop with its reddening fire,     And evening listened for thy lingering lay.     But thou hast found thy voice in realms afar     Where strains celestial blend their notes with thine;     Some cloudless sphere beneath a happier star     Welcomes the bright-winged spirit we resign.     How Nature mourns thee in the still retreat     Where passed in peace thy love-enchanted hours!     Where shall she find an eye like thine to greet     Spring's earliest footprints on her opening flowers?     Have the pale wayside weeds no fond regret     For him who read the secrets they enfold?     Shall the proud spangles of the field forget     The verse that lent new glory to their gold?     And ye whose carols wooed his infant ear,     Whose chants with answering woodnotes he repaid,     Have ye no song his spirit still may hear     From Elmwood's vaults of overarching shade?     Friends of his studious hours, who thronged to teach     The deep-read scholar all your varied lore,     Shall he no longer seek your shelves to reach     The treasure missing from his world-wide store?     This singer whom we long have held so dear     Was Nature's darling, shapely, strong, and fair;     Of keenest wit, of judgment crystal-clear,     Easy of converse, courteous, debonair,     Fit for the loftiest or the lowliest lot,     Self-poised, imperial, yet of simplest ways;     At home alike in castle or in cot,     True to his aim, let others blame or praise.     Freedom he found an heirloom from his sires;     Song, letters, statecraft, shared his years in turn;     All went to feed the nation's altar-fires     Whose mourning children wreathe his funeral urn.     He loved New England, - people, language, soil,     Unweaned by exile from her arid breast.     Farewell awhile, white-handed son of toil,     Go with her brown-armed laborers to thy rest.     Peace to thy slumber in the forest shade!     Poet and patriot, every gift was thine;     Thy name shall live while summers bloom and fade,     And grateful Memory guard thy leafy shrine!

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem is a beautiful elegy, a form of mourning poetry used to express sorrow for one who has passed away. The primary theme is the celebration of the deceased's life and the lament of their passing. The poet imagines the subject as a singer whose song has been stilled by death, symbolizing the loss of their voice, their presence, their vitality. The speaker mourns the fact that the 'singer' who filled their world with music is now silent.

The poem is marked by a rich use of natural imagery to create a sense of melancholy beauty. The tone is reverent and solemn, demonstrating a deep respect for the deceased. It also uses personification, casting Nature as a grieving entity, mourning the loss of the beloved. This underscores the theme of universal loss, suggesting that the deceased was not just a person, but an integral part of the natural world.

The structure of the poem, with its regular rhythm and rhyme scheme, gives it a formal, almost ceremonial feel that befits its subject matter. This is further emphasized by the use of archaic language and phrases which lend a timeless quality to the poem. Throughout the poem, the poet uses vivid sensory details to paint a picture of the deceased's life, hinting at their love for nature, their wisdom, and their contributions to their community.

Overall, the poem is a moving tribute, expressing both deep grief and gratitude for the life of the deceased. It serves as a powerful reminder of the impact one life can have on many, and the lasting legacy left behind when that life ends.

Understanding Elegy

An elegy is a form of poetry that expresses sorrow or lamentation, often for someone who has died. This type of poetry serves as a tribute to the deceased, reflecting on their life and the grief left behind.


Elegies are deeply emotional and personal, exploring themes of loss, mourning, and remembrance. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Mournful Tone: Elegies are characterized by a tone of sadness and reflection, as the poet grapples with the pain of loss.
  • Tribute to the Deceased: The subject of an elegy is often someone who has passed away, with the poem serving as a memorial that honors their life and legacy.
  • Personal Reflection: Elegies often include personal reflections on the impact of the deceased on the poet's life, as well as broader musings on mortality and the human condition.
  • Structure and Form: While elegies can vary in form, they often follow a traditional structure that includes an expression of grief, praise for the deceased, and a sense of consolation or acceptance.

From ancient times to the present, elegies have provided a way for poets to navigate the complexities of grief and loss, offering solace and a means of preserving the memory of those who have passed.