Virtue and Vice

By James Thomson - (Bysshe Vanolis)

    She was so good, and he was so bad     A very pretty time they had!     A pretty time, and it lasted long:     Which of the two was more in the wrong?     He befouled in the slough of sin;     Or she whose piety pushed him in?     He found her yet more cold and staid     As wedded wife than courted maid:     She filled their home with freezing gloom;     He felt it dismal as a tomb:     Her steadfast mind disdained his toys     Of worldly pleasures, carnal joys;     Her heart firm-set on things above     Was frigid to his earthly love.     So he came staggering home at night;     Where she sat chilling, chaste, and white:     She smiled a scornful virtuous smile,     He flung good books with curses vile.     Fresh with the early morn she rose,     While he yet lay in a feverish doze:     She prayed for blessings from the Throne,     He called for “a hair of the dog” with a groan:     She blessed God for her strength to bear     The heavy load,—he ’gan to swear:     She sighed, would Heaven, ere yet too late,     Bring him to see his awful state!     The charity thus sweetly pressed     Made him rage like one possessed.     So she grew holier day by day,     While he grew all the other way.     She left him: she had done her part     To wean from sin his sinful heart,     But all in vain; her presence might     Make him a murderer some mad night.     Her family took her back, pure saint,     Serene in soul, above complaint:     The narrow path she strictly trod,     And went in triumph home to God:     While he into the Union fell,     Our halfway house on the road to Hell.     With which would you rather pass your life     The wicked husband or saintly wife?

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
The poem presents a stark moral dichotomy between a virtuous wife and her dissolute husband, framed as a rhetorical question about who is more at fault. The structure contrasts their behaviors: her piety is rigid and joyless, while his vices are self-destructive. The wife's religious fervor creates an oppressive atmosphere, driving him further into debauchery. Her moral superiority becomes a form of emotional violence, as her scornful charity provokes his rage. The poem critiques the hypocrisy of piety that lacks compassion, suggesting that rigid virtue can be as destructive as vice. The final lines pose a bleak choice, undermining conventional moral judgments by revealing the mutual corruption of their relationship. The poem's power lies in its unflinching portrayal of how moral absolutism can erode human connection.

Understanding Satirical Poetry

Satirical poems use wit, irony, exaggeration, and ridicule to expose folly—personal, social, or political. The aim isn’t just laughter: it’s critique that nudges readers toward insight or change.


Common characteristics of satirical poetry:

  • Targeted Critique: Focuses on specific behaviors, institutions, or ideas—often timely, sometimes timeless.
  • Tools of Irony: Uses sarcasm, parody, understatement, and hyperbole to sharpen the point.
  • Voice & Persona: Speakers may be unreliable or exaggerated to reveal contradictions and hypocrisy.
  • Form Flexibility: Appears in couplets, tercets, quatrains, blank verse, or free verse—music serves the mockery.
  • Moral Pressure: Beneath the humor lies ethical pressure—satire seeks reform, not merely amusement.
  • Public & Personal: Can lampoon public figures and trends or needle private vanities and everyday pretenses.

The best satire balances bite with craft: memorable lines that entertain while revealing the gap between how things are and how they ought to be.