Matri Dilectissimae - I.M. - In The Waste Hour

By William Ernest Henley

    In the waste hour     Between to-day and yesterday     We watched, while on my arm -     Living flesh of her flesh, bone of her bone -     Dabbled in sweat the sacred head     Lay uncomplaining, still, contemptuous, strange:     Till the dear face turned dead,     And to a sound of lamentation     The good, heroic soul with all its wealth -     Its sixty years of love and sacrifice,     Suffering and passionate faith - was reabsorbed     In the inexorable Peace,     And life was changed to us for evermore.     Was nothing left of her but tears     Like blood-drops from the heart?     Nought save remorse     For duty unfulfilled, justice undone,     And charity ignored?    Nothing but love,     Forgiveness, reconcilement, where in truth,     But for this passing     Into the unimaginable abyss     These things had never been?     Nay, there were we,     Her five strong sons!     To her Death came - the great Deliverer came! -     As equal comes to equal, throne to throne.     She was a mother of men.     The stars shine as of old.    The unchanging River,     Bent on his errand of immortal law,     Works his appointed way     To the immemorial sea.     And the brave truth comes overwhelmingly home:-     That she in us yet works and shines,     Lives and fulfils herself,     Unending as the river and the stars.     Dearest, live on     In such an immortality     As we thy sons,     Born of thy body and nursed     At those wild, faithful breasts,     Can give - of generous thoughts,     And honourable words, and deeds     That make men half in love with fate!     Live on, O brave and true,     In us thy children, in ours whose life is thine -     Our best and theirs!    What is that best but thee -     Thee, and thy gift to us, to pass     Like light along the infinite of space     To the immitigable end?     Between the river and the stars,     O royal and radiant soul,     Thou dost return, thine influences return     Upon thy children as in life, and death     Turns stingless!    What is Death     But Life in act?    How should the Unteeming Grave     Be victor over thee,     Mother, a mother of men?

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This reflective and poignant poem primarily explores themes of death, motherhood, legacy, and the cyclical nature of life. It begins with the speaker observing the passing of a beloved figure, likely a mother, whose influence is etched deeply into her children. The death scene is described with a respectful, almost reverential tone, suggesting a profound acceptance of the natural cycle of life and death.

The poem’s structure and use of enjambment give it a flowing rhythm that mirrors the continuous cycle of life, mirroring the river and its "immemorial sea." This cyclicality is further emphasized by the recurring theme of the mother's influence living on in her sons and their actions. The metaphor of the mother’s legacy being "Like light along the infinite of space" suggests enduring influence and a form of immortality through her children.

Moreover, the poem employs poignant imagery and metaphors, such as "tears / Like blood-drops from the heart," that speak to the deep sorrow and loss experienced, but also the intense love and respect for the departed. The refrain "She was a mother of men" and the final line "Mother, a mother of men" encapsulates the strength, influence, and impact of the mother figure, while also reinforcing the theme of her enduring legacy. The poem overall offers a philosophical reflection on the cycle of life and the enduring influence of an individual, even beyond death.

Understanding Elegy

An elegy is a form of poetry that expresses sorrow or lamentation, often for someone who has died. This type of poetry serves as a tribute to the deceased, reflecting on their life and the grief left behind.


Elegies are deeply emotional and personal, exploring themes of loss, mourning, and remembrance. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Mournful Tone: Elegies are characterized by a tone of sadness and reflection, as the poet grapples with the pain of loss.
  • Tribute to the Deceased: The subject of an elegy is often someone who has passed away, with the poem serving as a memorial that honors their life and legacy.
  • Personal Reflection: Elegies often include personal reflections on the impact of the deceased on the poet's life, as well as broader musings on mortality and the human condition.
  • Structure and Form: While elegies can vary in form, they often follow a traditional structure that includes an expression of grief, praise for the deceased, and a sense of consolation or acceptance.

From ancient times to the present, elegies have provided a way for poets to navigate the complexities of grief and loss, offering solace and a means of preserving the memory of those who have passed.