The Setter And The Partridge.

By John Gay

            The setting dog the stubble tried,             And snuffed the breeze with nostrils wide;             He set - the sportsmen from behind,             Conscious of game, the net unwind.             A partridge, which as warder stood,             Warned, and the covey sought the wood.             But, ere she followed from her cover,             Thus she discharged her mind on Rover:             "Thou fawning slave and sneaking cheat,             Subservient unto man's deceit!             Disgrace unto thy honest race,             Unto the race of dogs disgrace;             Who ere to men they bent the knee             Were noted for fidelity."             The dog retorted with a sneer:             "Since you are safe, enjoy your jeer;             Rustic alike in kind and mind,             And ignorant of courts refined.             Sagacious courtiers do like me, -             They rise to high supremacy;             I copy them, and I inherit             The high rewards for worth and merit."             "I might have known," the partridge said,             "The school where you were trained and bred;             With a smooth brow for every crisis,             Inherent to your master's vices.             You came from courts: return! adieu" -             And to her covey off she flew.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
Hardy’s poem presents a vivid, if brief, pastoral drama in which a dog and a partridge engage in a heated exchange of reproaches. The setting is a rural landscape, where the dog, Rover, is employed by sportsmen to hunt game. The poem’s structure is straightforward, consisting of a single stanza divided into four quatrains, each advancing the dialogue between the two characters. The meter is consistent, employing iambic pentameter, and the rhyme scheme is regular, reinforcing the poem’s narrative flow. The partridge’s accusation of Rover as a fawning slave and sneaking cheat underscores a tension between natural fidelity and human corruption. Rover’s defense that he emulates the sagacious courtiers who achieve high supremacy reveals a cynical pragmatism, suggesting that loyalty is merely a tool for advancement. The partridge’s final retort, dismissing Rover as a product of courtly vice, reinforces the poem’s critique of social hypocrisy. Hardy’s use of animal personification allows for a sharp commentary on human nature, particularly the moral compromises made in the pursuit of power. The poem’s brevity belies its depth, distilling complex themes into a concise, memorable exchange. The final observation is that Hardy’s animals serve as mirrors, reflecting the flaws and contradictions of human society with unflinching clarity. [/BOS]

Understanding Fables

A fable is a timeless form of storytelling, typically featuring animals as characters that embody human traits, all while conveying a moral lesson. These short narratives have been used throughout history to impart wisdom, offering insights that remain relevant across generations.


Fables stand out for their simplicity and clarity, often concluding with a lesson that is easy to understand and remember. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Animal Characters: The main characters are often animals that represent human behaviors and characteristics, making the stories both engaging and relatable.
  • Concise Narrative: Fables are brief and focused, with each story centering around a single event or interaction that leads to a moral conclusion.
  • Moral Lesson: The purpose of a fable is to teach a lesson, which is usually stated clearly at the end, offering practical advice or ethical guidance.

From Aesop's ancient tales to modern adaptations, fables continue to be a powerful tool for education and moral reflection, resonating with audiences of all ages.