Rudel To The Lady Of Tripoli

By Robert Browning

I.     I know a Mount, the gracious Sun perceives     First, when he visits, last, too, when he leaves     The world; and, vainly favoured, it repays     The day-long glory of his steadfast gaze     By no change of its large calm front of snow.     And underneath the Mount, a Flower I know,     He cannot have perceived, that changes ever     At his approach; and, in the lost endeavour     To live his life, has parted, one by one,     With all a flowers true graces, for the grace     Of being but a foolish mimic sun,     With ray-like florets round a disk-like face.     Men nobly call by many a name the Mount     As over many a land of theirs its large     Calm front of snow like a triumphal targe     Is reared, and still with old names, fresh names vie,     Each to its proper praise and own account:     Men call the Flower, the Sunflower, sportively. II.     Oh, Angel of the East, one, one gold look     Across the waters to this twilight nook,     The far sad waters, Angel, to this nook! III.     Dear Pilgrim, are thou for the East indeed?     Go! Saying ever as thou dost proceed,     That I, French Rudel, choose for my device     A sunflower outspread like a sacrifice     Before its idol. See! These inexpert     And hurried fingers could not fail to hurt     The woven picture: tis a womans skill     Indeed; but nothing baffled me, so ill     Or well, the work is finished. Say, men feed     On songs I sing, and therefore bask the bees     On my flowers breast as on a platform broad:     But, as the flowers concern is not for these     But solely for the sun, so men applaud     In vain this Rudel, he not looking here     But to the Eastthat East! Go, say this, Pilgrim dear!

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem is a contemplative exploration of devotion, sacrifice, and the pursuit of an elusive ideal. The narrative voice seems to take on the persona of "French Rudel," a reference to Jaufré Rudel, a 12th-century troubadour known for his distant love. The poem is divided into three parts, with the first introducing the symbolic figures of the Mount and the Sunflower, while the second and third parts address the "Angel of the East" and a "Pilgrim," respectively.

The Mount and the Sunflower in the first part serve as powerful symbols, representing the unchanging and the transformative aspects of devotion. The Mount, steadfast and unaffected by the Sun's gaze, contrasts sharply with the Sunflower, which contorts itself to mimic the Sun, sacrificing its inherent nature in an effort to embody what it idolizes. This dichotomy highlights the different responses to devotion: one stoic and unmoving, the other desperate and self-altering.

Shifting to a direct address in the second and third parts, the tone becomes increasingly personal and urgent. The speaker's longing for the "Angel of the East" is palpable, hinting at a spiritual or divine yearning. Meanwhile, the Pilgrim's journey East is charged with a mission—to convey Rudel's devotion, encapsulated in his emblem, a Sunflower. The final lines reflect a poignant self-awareness and a dismissal of public approval, as Rudel's focus is not on the present or worldly acclaim but on the distant, "that East."

The poem employs a mix of romantic and religious imagery, contributing to its profound exploration of the human endeavor to reach beyond the self towards something greater. Its structure, transitioning from symbol-laden narrative to personal address, enhances its thematic depth, emphasising the individual's struggle and sacrifice in their quest for an unattainable ideal.

Exploring Lyric Poetry

Lyric poetry is a powerful and intimate form of expression, characterized by its focus on the personal emotions and thoughts of the poet. Often musical in nature, lyric poems resonate with readers through their vivid language and rhythmic flow, capturing moments of intense feeling.


Here are some key characteristics that define lyric poetry:

  • Expressive Language: Lyric poems use rich and evocative language to convey deep emotions, often painting a vivid picture of the poet's inner world.
  • Personal Perspective: Typically written in the first person, these poems offer a window into the poet's personal experiences, thoughts, and reflections.
  • Musicality: Lyric poems often feature a rhythmic structure, with meter and rhyme that give them a song-like quality, enhancing the emotional impact.

From ancient odes to contemporary free verse, lyric poetry remains a beloved and enduring form, celebrated for its ability to articulate the nuances of human emotion in a way that resonates deeply with readers.