Out, Out

By Robert Lee Frost

The buzz-saw snarled and rattled in the yard And made dust and dropped stove-length sticks of wood, Sweet-scented stuff when the breeze drew across it. And from there those that lifted eyes could count Five mountain ranges one behind the other Under the sunset far into Vermont. And the saw snarled and rattled, snarled and rattled, As it ran light, or had to bear a load. And nothing happened: day was all but done. Call it a day, I wish they might have said To please the boy by giving him the half hour That a boy counts so much when saved from work. His sister stood beside them in her apron To tell them "Supper." At the word, the saw, As if to prove saws knew what supper meant, Leaped out at the boy's hand, or seemed to leap He must have given the hand. However it was, Neither refused the meeting. But the hand! The boy's first outcry was a rueful laugh, As he swung toward them holding up the hand Half in appeal, but half as if to keep The life from spilling. Then the boy saw all Since he was old enough to know, big boy Doing a man's work, though a child at heart He saw all spoiled. "Don't let him cut my hand off The doctor, when he comes. Don't let him, sister!" So. But the hand was gone already. The doctor put him in the dark of ether. He lay and puffed his lips out with his breath. And then the watcher at his pulse took fright. No one believed. They listened at his heart. Little less nothing! and that ended it. No more to build on there. And they, since they Were not the one dead, turned to their affairs.

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Poem Details

Language: English
Keywords: Public Domain
Source: Public Domain Collection
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
This poem paints a vivid and unsettling narrative, combining elements of pastoral tranquility and industrial menace. The opening lines juxtapose the beauty of nature with the harshness of manual labor, as the buzz-saw's disruptive snarling and rattling contrasts with the serene imagery of mountain ranges under the sunset. The poem uses repetition effectively to emphasize the constant presence and potential danger of the saw.

The poem's central theme revolves around the inevitability of death and the fragility of life, particularly in the context of child labor. The boy, caught between childhood and adult responsibilities, tragically loses his hand and ultimately his life to the relentless saw, a symbol of the unforgiving demands of work. The macabre image of the boy pleading with his sister not to let the doctor amputate his already missing hand is hauntingly poignant, revealing the boy's innocence and fear.

The tone of the poem is initially light and almost whimsical, reflecting the boy's naivety. However, it quickly turns grim and unsettling as the tragedy unfolds. The final lines, where others return to their affairs after the boy's death, evoke a sense of cold indifference, highlighting how life continues despite individual tragedies. This harsh reality deepens the melancholic undertone of the poem, making it a powerful exploration of life, death, and the indifference of nature and society.

Exploring Narrative Poetry

Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well. Unlike lyric poetry, which focuses on emotions and thoughts, narrative poetry is dedicated to storytelling, weaving tales that captivate readers through plot and character development.


Narrative poems are unique in their ability to combine the depth of storytelling with the expressive qualities of poetry. Here are some defining characteristics:

  • Structured Plot: Narrative poems typically have a clear beginning, middle, and end, following a plot that might involve conflict, climax, and resolution, much like a short story or novel.
  • Character Development: Characters in narrative poems are often well-developed, with distinct voices and personalities that drive the story forward.
  • Descriptive Language: The language used in narrative poetry is vivid and descriptive, painting a clear picture of the scenes and events, while also conveying the emotions and atmosphere of the story.

From ancient epics like "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" to more modern narrative poems, this form continues to engage readers by blending the art of storytelling with the beauty and rhythm of poetry.