Ecclesiastical Sonnets - Part II. - XVI - Wars Of York And Lancaster

By William Wordsworth

Thus is the storm abated by the craft Of timely prudence; but the pitying man Who sees what cold ambition can effect, Through blood-stained victory and burning loss, On England’s breast still points the fatal mark Of York and Lancaster, as on her shield, Where one and all, around that famous field, Stood forth to pledge their solemn vows to both, That each might find in them his share of guilt. Shall these proud Barons pass?—With loyalty, With courage tempered as with mild control, With reverence for the rights and dues of all, These Patriots, worthier of a nobler name, Heard the dread summons, and obeyed the call.
Written: 1822-01-01

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Poem Details

Date Written: 1822-01-01
Date Published: 1822-01-01
Language: English
Keywords: Ecclesiastical Sonnets, Reflection, Wars, York, Lancaster, Loyalty
Source: Public Domain Collection
Publisher: W.Wordsworth
Rights/Permissions: Public Domain

Analysis & Notes:
A sonnet from Part II of the Ecclesiastical Sonnets series where Wordsworth reflects on the Wars of the Roses, specifically the conflict between the houses of York and Lancaster. The poem explores the consequences of ambition and the bloodshed that marked this period in English history, while also highlighting the loyalty and courage of those involved.

Understanding the Sonnet

The sonnet is one of the most enduring and celebrated forms of poetry, known for its strict structure and profound themes. With a history spanning centuries, sonnets have been used to explore love, beauty, politics, and mortality, all within the confines of just 14 lines.


Sonnets are characterized by their precise form and rhyme scheme, which vary depending on the type of sonnet. Here’s a closer look:

  • Shakespearean (English) Sonnet: Composed of three quatrains followed by a final couplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG. This form often builds a complex argument or narrative, culminating in a powerful closing statement.
  • Petrarchan (Italian) Sonnet: Divided into an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines), with a typical rhyme scheme of ABBAABBA for the octave, followed by various patterns in the sestet such as CDECDE or CDCDCD. The octave usually presents a problem, with the sestet providing a resolution.
  • Meter: Sonnets are traditionally written in iambic pentameter, which gives the poem a rhythmic and melodic quality that enhances its emotional impact.

The sonnet’s enduring appeal lies in its ability to condense complex emotions and ideas into a small but potent package, making it a favorite form for poets seeking to explore profound themes with precision and elegance.