Gongorism

1 min read

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noun /ˈɡɒŋɡərɪz(ə)m/

Definition

A highly elaborate and ornate style of writing associated with the Spanish poet Luis de Góngora, characterized by complex metaphors, intricate syntax, and a focus on form over content.

Example

The poet’s gongorism made his work challenging but rewarding for those who took the time to unravel its complexities.

Notes

Highly ornate Spanish Baroque style associated with Góngora: Latinate syntax, neologisms, dense metaphor.

How to spot Gongorism

When you read a poem, look for patterns that match Gongorism. Note where it appears (line breaks, stanza positions), how often it repeats, and what emotion or emphasis it creates. Try underlining each instance, then ask: what changes if it’s removed?

Common mistakes

A common mistake is confusing Gongorism with nearby concepts listed in ‘See also.’ Always check its defining feature: the formal rule or effect that makes it Gongorism, not just a similar device.

Using Gongorism in analysis

In essays, define Gongorism briefly, cite a short quotation, and explain the *specific* effect on tone, pacing, or imagery. Tie the effect to the poem’s theme rather than describing the device in isolation.

1-minute quiz

Which line uses Gongorism most clearly?

  1. A line that deliberately demonstrates the device’s key feature.
  2. A line that is superficially similar but lacks the defining feature.
  3. A line unrelated to the device.
  4. A paraphrase of the poem’s theme.

Tip: pick the line that shows the device’s defining feature.

Related Definitions

Study Tips

  • Identify this device in poems you read
  • Practice using it in your own writing
  • Compare with related terms
  • Discuss examples with classmates

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