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The area on a page around a poem that is left empty, which can affect the way a poem is perceived or interpreted.
Concrete poems often use white space creatively to form shapes or patterns.
When you read a poem, look for patterns that match White Space. Note where it appears (line breaks, stanza positions), how often it repeats, and what emotion or emphasis it creates. Try underlining each instance, then ask: what changes if it’s removed?
A common mistake is confusing White Space with nearby concepts listed in ‘See also.’ Always check its defining feature: the formal rule or effect that makes it White Space, not just a similar device.
In essays, define White Space briefly, cite a short quotation, and explain the *specific* effect on tone, pacing, or imagery. Tie the effect to the poem’s theme rather than describing the device in isolation.
Which line uses White Space most clearly?
Tip: pick the line that shows the device’s defining feature.