Petrarchan Sonnet

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noun /pɛˈtrɑːrkən ˈsɒnɪt/

Definition

A sonnet form popularized by Petrarch, consisting of an octave with the rhyme scheme abbaabba and a sestet with one of several rhyme schemes, such as cdecde or cdcdcd.

Example

John Milton's "When I Consider How My Light is Spent" is an example of a Petrarchan sonnet.

Notes

Structure: octave + sestet (e.g., ABBAABBA CDECDE/CDEDCE). Volta typically at the start of the sestet.

How to spot Petrarchan Sonnet

When you read a poem, look for patterns that match Petrarchan Sonnet. Note where it appears (line breaks, stanza positions), how often it repeats, and what emotion or emphasis it creates. Try underlining each instance, then ask: what changes if it’s removed?

Common mistakes

A common mistake is confusing Petrarchan Sonnet with nearby concepts listed in ‘See also.’ Always check its defining feature: the formal rule or effect that makes it Petrarchan Sonnet, not just a similar device.

Using Petrarchan Sonnet in analysis

In essays, define Petrarchan Sonnet briefly, cite a short quotation, and explain the *specific* effect on tone, pacing, or imagery. Tie the effect to the poem’s theme rather than describing the device in isolation.

1-minute quiz

Which line uses Petrarchan Sonnet most clearly?

  1. A line that deliberately demonstrates the device’s key feature.
  2. A line that is superficially similar but lacks the defining feature.
  3. A line unrelated to the device.
  4. A paraphrase of the poem’s theme.

Tip: pick the line that shows the device’s defining feature.

Related Definitions

Study Tips

  • Identify this device in poems you read
  • Practice using it in your own writing
  • Compare with related terms
  • Discuss examples with classmates